anthropology
Meaning: The study of human societies, cultures, and their development, encompassing both contemporary communities and historical civilisations.
Anthropology is a broad discipline divided into subfields including social anthropology (studying living cultures), physical anthropology (studying human biology and evolution), and linguistic anthropology. In British academia, social anthropology has been particularly influential, with pioneering work by scholars such as Bronislaw Malinowski and E.E. Evans-Pritchard. The related adjective 'anthropological' appears frequently in academic writing.
Examples
- Her fieldwork in anthropology took her to remote communities in Papua New Guinea for eighteen months. 她的人类学田野调查使她在巴布亚新几内亚的偏远社区待了十八个月。Su trabajo de campo en antropología la llevó a comunidades remotas de Papúa Nueva Guinea durante dieciocho meses.人類学のフィールドワークで、彼女はパプアニューギニアの辺境の集落に18か月間滞在しました。인류학 현장 연구를 위해 그녀는 파푸아뉴기니의 외딴 공동체에서 18개월을 보냈습니다.
- The anthropology department offers modules on kinship systems, ritual practices, and economic exchange. 人类学系开设了亲属关系体系、仪式实践和经济交换等课程模块。El departamento de antropología ofrece módulos sobre sistemas de parentesco, prácticas rituales e intercambio económico.人類学部では、親族制度、儀礼の実践、経済的交換に関する科目を提供しています。인류학과에서는 친족 체계, 의례 관행, 경제적 교환에 관한 과목을 제공합니다.
- Medical anthropology examines how cultural beliefs and social structures influence health and illness. 医学人类学研究文化信仰和社会结构如何影响健康与疾病。La antropología médica examina cómo las creencias culturales y las estructuras sociales influyen en la salud y la enfermedad.医療人類学は、文化的信念や社会構造が健康と病気にどのような影響を与えるかを調査します。의료 인류학은 문화적 신념과 사회 구조가 건강과 질병에 어떤 영향을 미치는지를 연구합니다.
Pronunciation
Usage Guide
Context: academic
Tone: neutral
Origin & History
From Greek anthropologia, combining anthropos (human being) and -logia (study of). First used in English in the 16th century, though it became established as a distinct academic discipline in the 19th century.
Cultural Context
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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