vitriolic
의미: Filled with bitter criticism or malice; caustic and scathing in the manner of a corrosive acid.
Vitriolic is one of the strongest words available for describing hostile speech or writing. It implies that the criticism is not merely harsh but deliberately wounding, designed to burn and corrode. Common collocations include 'vitriolic attack,' 'vitriolic language,' and 'vitriolic abuse.' The word is a staple of political journalism and parliamentary reporting, where it describes the most extreme forms of verbal hostility.
예문
- The debate descended into vitriolic personal attacks that shocked even seasoned parliamentarians. 辩论沦为尖酸刻薄的人身攻击,连经验丰富的议员们也深感震惊。El debate degeneró en ataques personales vitriólicos que escandalizaron incluso a los parlamentarios más curtidos.討論は辛辣な個人攻撃に堕し、熟練した議会人たちでさえ衝撃を受けた。토론은 신랄한 인신공격으로 전락하여 노련한 국회의원들마저 충격을 받았다.
- She penned a vitriolic review that effectively ended the playwright's career overnight. 她撰写了一篇极为刻薄的评论,一夜之间就断送了那位剧作家的职业生涯。Escribió una crítica vitriólica que puso fin de la noche a la mañana a la carrera del dramaturgo.彼女は痛烈な批評を書き、その劇作家のキャリアを一夜にして事実上終わらせた。그녀는 통렬한 비평을 써서 그 극작가의 경력을 하룻밤 사이에 사실상 끝장냈다.
- Social media platforms have struggled to contain the vitriolic abuse directed at public figures. 社交媒体平台一直难以遏制针对公众人物的恶毒辱骂。Las plataformas de redes sociales han tenido dificultades para contener los insultos vitriólicos dirigidos a personajes públicos.ソーシャルメディアのプラットフォームは、著名人に向けられた辛辣な罵倒の抑制に苦慮してきた。소셜 미디어 플랫폼들은 유명인에게 쏟아지는 신랄한 욕설을 억제하는 데 고심해 왔다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: journalism, political, literary
어조: disapproving
기원과 역사
From medieval Latin vitriolum meaning sulphuric acid (literally 'little glass,' from the glassy appearance of its salts), from Latin vitrum (glass). The figurative sense of caustic hostility developed in the 18th century.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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