tortuous
의미: Full of twists and turns; excessively complex, lengthy, or convoluted, whether describing a physical path or an abstract process such as a negotiation or argument.
Tortuous is frequently confused with 'torturous' (causing torture), but the two words have distinct meanings. Tortuous describes complexity and indirectness rather than pain. It is commonly applied to roads, legal proceedings, negotiations, prose style, and bureaucratic processes. The implication is usually negative — that the twists are unnecessary or frustrating.
예문
- The tortuous negotiations over the trade agreement dragged on for nearly three years. 围绕贸易协定的曲折谈判拖了将近三年。Las tortuosas negociaciones sobre el acuerdo comercial se prolongaron durante casi tres años.貿易協定をめぐる紆余曲折の交渉は約3年にわたって長引いた。무역 협정을 둘러싼 난해한 협상은 거의 3년 동안 질질 끌었다.
- We followed a tortuous path through the narrow lanes of the medieval quarter. 我们沿着中世纪城区狭窄巷道中的曲折小路前行。Seguimos un sinuoso camino por las estrechas callejuelas del barrio medieval.中世の街区の狭い路地を縫うような曲がりくねった道を辿った。우리는 중세 지구의 좁은 골목을 누비는 구불구불한 길을 따라갔다.
- The report's tortuous prose made its conclusions almost impossible to extract. 报告曲折晦涩的行文使得其结论几乎无法提取。La tortuosa prosa del informe hacía casi imposible extraer sus conclusiones.その報告書の複雑怪奇な文体のせいで、結論を読み取ることはほぼ不可能だった。보고서의 난해한 문체 탓에 결론을 도출하는 것이 거의 불가능했다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: journalism, academic, legal
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From Latin tortuosus, from tortus meaning twisted, past participle of torquere (to twist). Entered English in the late 14th century via Anglo-French.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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