surrogate
의미: A person or thing that acts as a substitute for another; a replacement that takes on the role or function of something else.
Surrogate is used across medical, legal, psychological, and general contexts. In medicine, 'surrogate mother' refers to a woman who carries a pregnancy on behalf of another. In psychology, a 'surrogate' can be a substitute figure (a surrogate parent). In research, a 'surrogate marker' is an indirect measure used when direct measurement is impractical. As an adjective, it modifies the noun it precedes: 'surrogate decision-maker.' Common collocations include 'surrogate mother,' 'surrogate marker,' and 'act as a surrogate.'
예문
- In the absence of reliable data, researchers used hospital admissions as a surrogate measure of disease severity. 在缺乏可靠数据的情况下,研究人员将住院人数作为疾病严重程度的替代指标。Ante la falta de datos fiables, los investigadores utilizaron los ingresos hospitalarios como indicador sustituto de la gravedad de la enfermedad.信頼できるデータがない中、研究者たちは入院数を疾患重症度の代替指標として用いた。신뢰할 수 있는 데이터가 없는 상황에서 연구자들은 입원 건수를 질병 중증도의 대리 지표로 사용했다.
- The court appointed a surrogate decision-maker to act on behalf of the incapacitated patient. 法院指定了一名代理决策人,代表丧失行为能力的患者行事。El tribunal designó a un representante sustituto para actuar en nombre del paciente incapacitado.裁判所は、判断能力を失った患者に代わって行動する代理意思決定者を任命した。법원은 판단 능력을 상실한 환자를 대신하여 행동할 대리 의사결정자를 선임했다.
- For many children in care, a foster parent becomes a surrogate for the family they never had. 对于许多寄养儿童来说,养父母成为了他们从未拥有的家庭的替代。Para muchos niños en acogida, un padre de acogida se convierte en un sustituto de la familia que nunca tuvieron.児童養護を受ける多くの子どもたちにとって、里親は自分が持てなかった家族の代わりとなる存在である。보호 시설의 많은 아이들에게 위탁 부모는 자신이 가져 보지 못한 가족의 대리 존재가 된다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: medical, legal, academic
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From Latin surrogātus, past participle of surrogāre (to put in another's place, substitute), from sub- (under, in place of) and rogāre (to ask, propose). Entered English in the early 17th century.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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