stoichiometry
의미: The branch of chemistry concerned with the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions, based on the conservation of mass and the laws of definite proportions.
Stoichiometry allows chemists to predict how much product a reaction will yield, how much of each reactant is needed, and which reagent will be consumed first (the limiting reagent). It is a core topic at A-level and undergraduate chemistry, requiring fluency with mole calculations, balanced equations, and molar ratios. The term also appears in materials science when describing the precise atomic ratios in crystalline compounds. It commonly collocates with 'calculation,' 'ratio,' and 'coefficient.'
예문
- The stoichiometry of the reaction shows that two moles of hydrogen react with one mole of oxygen to produce water. 该反应的化学计量关系表明,两摩尔氢与一摩尔氧反应生成水。La estequiometría de la reacción muestra que dos moles de hidrógeno reaccionan con un mol de oxígeno para producir agua.この反応の化学量論は、2モルの水素と1モルの酸素が反応して水が生成されることを示しています。이 반응의 화학량론은 2몰의 수소가 1몰의 산소와 반응하여 물이 생성됨을 보여준다.
- Students who struggle with stoichiometry often find that the difficulty lies in balancing equations rather than in the arithmetic itself. 在化学计量方面有困难的学生常常发现,难点在于配平方程式而非算术本身。Los alumnos que tienen dificultades con la estequiometría suelen descubrir que el problema radica en el ajuste de ecuaciones más que en la aritmética en sí.化学量論に苦手意識を持つ学生は、計算そのものよりも化学方程式の係数合わせに難しさがあることが多い。화학량론에 어려움을 느끼는 학생들은 산술 자체보다 화학 방정식의 균형을 맞추는 데서 어려움을 겪는 경우가 많다.
- The ceramic's unusual electrical properties arise from slight deviations in stoichiometry at the atomic level. 该陶瓷材料不寻常的电学性质源自原子层面上化学计量比的微小偏差。Las propiedades eléctricas inusuales de la cerámica se deben a ligeras desviaciones de la estequiometría a escala atómica.そのセラミックスの特異な電気的特性は、原子レベルでの化学量論からのわずかなずれに起因する。그 세라믹의 특이한 전기적 특성은 원자 수준에서 화학량론의 미세한 편차에 기인한다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: academic
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From Greek stoicheion (element) and metron (measure). Coined by the German chemist Jeremias Benjamin Richter in 1792.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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