plasma
의미: The fourth state of matter, consisting of ionised gas with roughly equal numbers of positive ions and free electrons. In biology, it also refers to the pale yellow liquid component of blood in which cells are suspended.
In physics, plasma is the most abundant form of ordinary matter in the universe — stars, lightning, and neon signs are all examples. Unlike ordinary gas, plasma conducts electricity and responds to magnetic fields. In medicine, blood plasma carries proteins, hormones, and nutrients throughout the body and is separated from whole blood for transfusions and the manufacture of clotting factors. The two meanings are unrelated but both derive from the same Greek root.
예문
- The tokamak reactor confines superheated plasma using powerful magnetic fields in an attempt to achieve controlled nuclear fusion. 托卡马克反应堆利用强大的磁场约束超高温等离子体,试图实现可控核聚变。El reactor tokamak confina plasma supercalentado mediante potentes campos magnéticos en un intento de lograr la fusión nuclear controlada.トカマク型炉は制御核融合を達成するため、強力な磁場を用いて超高温プラズマを閉じ込めている。토카막 원자로는 제어 핵융합을 달성하기 위해 강력한 자기장을 이용하여 초고온 플라스마를 가둔다.
- NHS Blood and Transplant issued an urgent appeal for convalescent plasma donations during the respiratory virus outbreak. 在呼吸道病毒爆发期间,NHS血液与移植服务中心紧急呼吁捐献恢复期血浆。NHS Blood and Transplant lanzó un llamamiento urgente para la donación de plasma convaleciente durante el brote de virus respiratorio.NHS血液・移植センターは呼吸器ウイルスの流行時に回復期血漿の緊急献血を呼びかけた。NHS 혈액·이식 센터는 호흡기 바이러스 유행 시기에 회복기 혈장 긴급 헌혈을 호소했다.
- Plasma cutting is widely used in fabrication workshops because it can slice through thick steel plates with remarkable precision. 等离子切割在加工车间被广泛使用,因为它能以惊人的精度切割厚钢板。El corte por plasma se emplea ampliamente en talleres de fabricación porque puede atravesar planchas gruesas de acero con notable precisión.プラズマ切断は厚い鋼板を驚くほどの精度で切断できるため、加工工場で広く使用されています。플라스마 절단은 두꺼운 강판을 놀라운 정밀도로 절단할 수 있어 가공 공장에서 널리 사용되고 있습니다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: academic, general
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From Greek plasma (something moulded or formed), from plassein (to mould). The physics sense was coined by Irving Langmuir in 1928 because ionised gas reminded him of blood plasma.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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