perturb
의미: To make anxious or unsettled; to disturb the composure of. In science, to cause a deviation in the normal path or state of a system.
Perturb is more formal than 'worry' or 'upset' and implies a disturbance to someone's equilibrium or peace of mind. The adjective 'perturbed' is considerably more common than the base verb and is a favourite of British understatement — 'I was somewhat perturbed' often means 'I was deeply alarmed.' In physics and astronomy, 'perturbation' describes a small deviation in a system caused by an external force. The word collocates with 'deeply,' 'greatly,' 'somewhat,' and 'slightly.'
예문
- The revelation that patient records had been compromised deeply perturbed the hospital trustees. 患者记录被泄露的消息让医院理事们深感不安。La revelación de que los historiales de los pacientes habían sido comprometidos perturbó profundamente a los administradores del hospital.患者記録が漏洩したという事実が、病院の理事たちを深く動揺させた。환자 기록이 유출되었다는 사실이 병원 이사들을 깊이 동요시켰다.
- She was not easily perturbed, but the anonymous letter left her visibly shaken. 她不是一个容易不安的人,但那封匿名信让她明显受到了震动。No era fácil de perturbar, pero la carta anónima la dejó visiblemente conmocionada.彼女はめったに動じない人だったが、その匿名の手紙には目に見えて動揺した。그녀는 좀처럼 동요하지 않는 사람이었지만, 그 익명의 편지에는 눈에 띄게 흔들렸다.
- Gravitational forces from nearby planets perturb the orbit of the asteroid. 邻近行星的引力摄动了小行星的轨道。Las fuerzas gravitatorias de los planetas cercanos perturban la órbita del asteroide.近隣の惑星からの重力が小惑星の軌道を摂動させる。인근 행성의 중력이 소행성의 궤도를 섭동시킨다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: professional, scientific
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From Latin perturbare (to disturb greatly), from per- (thoroughly) + turbare (to disturb), from turba (confusion, crowd). Entered English in the late 14th century.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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