lien
의미: A legal right to retain possession of another person's property until a debt owed by the owner is discharged; a charge or claim on assets as security for a debt.
A lien gives a creditor the right to hold or claim property as security. In English law, a 'possessory lien' allows retention of goods (a mechanic keeping a car until the repair bill is paid), while an 'equitable lien' may be imposed by a court. In property and banking, liens are placed on assets to secure mortgages or loans. The term is essential in conveyancing, where a buyer's solicitor must check for existing liens before completing a purchase. Common collocations include 'place a lien,' 'first lien,' and 'statutory lien.'
예문
- The bank placed a lien on the property as security for the outstanding mortgage balance. 银行对该房产设定了留置权,作为未偿还抵押贷款余额的担保。El banco estableció un gravamen sobre la propiedad como garantía del saldo hipotecario pendiente.銀行は、未払い住宅ローン残高の担保として不動産に先取特権を設定した。은행은 미상환 주택담보대출 잔액에 대한 담보로 부동산에 유치권을 설정했다.
- A solicitor exercising a lien may retain a client's documents until fees are settled in full. 行使留置权的律师可以在费用全额结清之前保留客户的文件。Un abogado que ejerce un derecho de retención puede conservar los documentos del cliente hasta que los honorarios se liquiden íntegramente.留置権を行使する弁護士は、報酬が全額支払われるまで依頼人の書類を保持することができる。유치권을 행사하는 변호사는 보수가 전액 지급될 때까지 의뢰인의 문서를 보유할 수 있다.
- First-lien creditors are given priority over other claimants in the event of the borrower's insolvency. 在借款人破产的情况下,第一留置权债权人享有优先于其他索赔人的受偿权。Los acreedores con primer gravamen tienen prioridad sobre los demás demandantes en caso de insolvencia del prestatario.第一順位の先取特権者は、借り手の支払い不能の場合に他の債権者に優先して弁済を受ける。제1순위 담보권자는 차입자가 지급불능 상태에 빠질 경우 다른 채권자에 우선하여 변제를 받는다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: legal, finance, property
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From French lien (bond, tie), from Latin ligamen (a band), from ligare (to bind). Adopted into English legal terminology in the 16th century.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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