immunisation
의미: The process of making a person or animal immune to an infectious disease, typically by administering a vaccine.
Immunisation is both the act of administering a vaccine and the resulting state of protection it confers. In public health, 'immunisation programme,' 'childhood immunisation,' and 'immunisation schedule' are standard collocations. The term is broader than 'vaccination' — immunisation encompasses any method of inducing immunity, including passive immunisation through antibody injections. The NHS childhood immunisation programme is a cornerstone of British public health policy.
예문
- The NHS immunisation programme has virtually eliminated measles, mumps, and rubella in the United Kingdom. NHS免疫接种计划几乎消除了英国境内的麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹。El programa de inmunización del NHS ha eliminado prácticamente el sarampión, las paperas y la rubéola en el Reino Unido.NHSの予防接種プログラムにより、英国では麻疹・おたふく風邪・風疹がほぼ根絶された。NHS 예방접종 프로그램은 영국에서 홍역, 볼거리, 풍진을 사실상 근절시켰다.
- Parents are encouraged to follow the recommended immunisation schedule from birth through adolescence. 鼓励父母从出生到青春期遵循推荐的免疫接种时间表。Se anima a los padres a seguir el calendario de inmunización recomendado desde el nacimiento hasta la adolescencia.保護者には、出生から思春期にかけて推奨される予防接種スケジュールに従うことが奨励されている。부모들에게는 출생부터 청소년기까지 권장 예방접종 일정을 따르도록 권고하고 있다.
- Mass immunisation campaigns in the developing world have dramatically reduced child mortality rates. 发展中国家的大规模免疫接种运动大幅降低了儿童死亡率。Las campañas de inmunización masiva en los países en desarrollo han reducido drásticamente las tasas de mortalidad infantil.途上国における大規模な予防接種キャンペーンにより、乳幼児死亡率は劇的に低下した。개발도상국에서의 대규모 예방접종 캠페인은 유아 사망률을 극적으로 감소시켰다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: academic, media, general
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From Latin immunis (exempt, free from public service), from in- (not) + munis (performing services). The medical sense developed in the late 19th century following advances in bacteriology and the understanding of immune responses.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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