excessively
의미: To a degree that goes beyond what is normal, necessary, or desirable; more than is reasonable or appropriate.
Excessively is an adverb of degree that carries inherent disapproval — it signals that a threshold of acceptability has been crossed. 'Excessively bureaucratic,' 'excessively cautious,' 'excessively complicated' — the word turns any neutral adjective into a criticism. It is widely used in regulatory reports, legal documents, and journalism. Unlike 'very' or 'extremely,' which are neutral intensifiers, excessively always implies that less would have been better.
예문
- The Ombudsman found that the council had been excessively slow in processing the planning application. 行政监察专员认定,该市议会在处理规划申请方面过于迟缓。El Defensor del Pueblo determinó que el ayuntamiento había sido excesivamente lento en tramitar la solicitud de planificación.オンブズマンは、同自治体が建築許可申請の処理において過度に遅延していたと認定した。옴부즈만은 해당 지방자치단체가 건축 허가 신청 처리에서 과도하게 느렸다고 판단했다.
- Critics argued that the regulatory framework was excessively burdensome for small businesses. 批评人士认为,该监管框架对小型企业来说负担过重。Los críticos argumentaron que el marco regulatorio era excesivamente oneroso para las pequeñas empresas.批評家たちは、その規制の枠組みが中小企業にとって過度に負担が重いと主張した。비평가들은 그 규제 체계가 중소기업에 과도한 부담을 준다고 주장했다.
- The judge remarked that the sentence was excessively lenient given the severity of the offence. 法官指出,鉴于犯罪的严重性,这一判决过于宽大。El juez observó que la sentencia era excesivamente indulgente dada la gravedad del delito.裁判官は、犯罪の重大さに鑑みてその刑罰は過度に寛大であると述べた。판사는 범죄의 중대성에 비추어 그 형량이 과도하게 관대하다고 언급했다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: journalism, legal, professional
어조: critical
기원과 역사
From excess (from Latin excessus, a going beyond) + -ively. The Latin root combines ex- (out) + cedere (to go). The adverbial form has been in English since the 15th century.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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