deontological
의미: Relating to deontology, the branch of ethics that judges the morality of an action based on whether it follows established rules, duties, or obligations, regardless of its consequences.
Deontological ethics is most associated with Immanuel Kant, who argued that actions are moral when they follow universal principles that could rationally be applied to everyone. His 'categorical imperative' — act only according to rules you could wish to be universal laws — is the cornerstone of deontological thinking. Deontology contrasts with consequentialism, which judges actions by their outcomes. In medical ethics, the duty 'first, do no harm' is a deontological principle.
예문
- A deontological approach to ethics holds that certain actions are inherently right or wrong, regardless of their consequences. 义务论的伦理方法认为,某些行为本质上是对或错的,而与其后果无关。Un enfoque deontológico de la ética sostiene que ciertas acciones son intrínsecamente correctas o incorrectas, con independencia de sus consecuencias.義務論的な倫理観は、特定の行為はその帰結にかかわらず本質的に正しい、あるいは誤っていると主張する。의무론적 윤리관은, 특정 행위가 그 결과에 관계없이 본질적으로 옳거나 그르다고 주장한다.
- Kant's deontological framework argues that lying is always morally wrong, even if the lie would prevent harm. 康德的义务论框架主张,说谎在道德上始终是错误的,即使谎言能防止伤害。El marco deontológico de Kant argumenta que mentir es siempre moralmente incorrecto, incluso si la mentira evitaría un daño.カントの義務論的枠組みは、たとえ嘘が害を防ぐものであっても、嘘をつくことは常に道徳的に誤りであると論じる。칸트의 의무론적 체계는, 거짓말이 해를 방지할 수 있다 하더라도 거짓말은 항상 도덕적으로 잘못이라고 논한다.
- Medical ethics draws on both deontological principles — such as respecting patient autonomy — and consequentialist reasoning about outcomes. 医学伦理既借鉴了义务论原则——如尊重患者自主权——也借鉴了关于结果的后果主义推理。La ética médica se nutre tanto de principios deontológicos —como el respeto a la autonomía del paciente— como del razonamiento consecuencialista sobre los resultados.医療倫理は、患者の自律性の尊重といった義務論的原則と、結果に関する帰結主義的推論の両方に依拠している。의료 윤리는 환자의 자율성 존중과 같은 의무론적 원칙과 결과에 대한 결과주의적 추론 모두에 의존한다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: academic
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From Greek deon (duty, what is binding) and logos (study, discourse). The term 'deontology' was coined by Jeremy Bentham in 1834, though the ethical approach it describes is most associated with Immanuel Kant's earlier work.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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