culpability
의미: The degree to which a person can be held responsible or blameworthy for a wrongful act, particularly in criminal or moral contexts.
Culpability is central to both criminal sentencing and tort law, where it determines the level of blame attached to a defendant's conduct. English sentencing guidelines distinguish between high, medium, and lesser culpability based on factors such as premeditation, abuse of trust, and vulnerability of the victim. The term also appears in broader ethical and political discourse — editorials frequently discuss corporate culpability or institutional culpability following scandals. It collocates with 'moral,' 'criminal,' 'degree of,' and 'reduced.'
예문
- The sentencing judge assessed the defendant's culpability as high, noting the deliberate targeting of elderly victims. 量刑法官认定被告的可责性为高度,指出其蓄意针对老年受害者的行为。El juez sentenciador evaluó la culpabilidad del acusado como alta, señalando la selección deliberada de víctimas de edad avanzada.量刑裁判官は、高齢の被害者を意図的に狙った点を指摘し、被告人の可責性を高度と判定した。양형 판사는 고령 피해자를 의도적으로 표적으로 삼은 점을 지적하며 피고인의 유책성을 높음으로 판정했습니다.
- The inquiry concluded that corporate culpability for the disaster extended well beyond the immediate management team. 调查得出结论,该灾难的企业责任远远超出了直接管理层的范围。La investigación concluyó que la culpabilidad empresarial por el desastre se extendía mucho más allá del equipo directivo inmediato.調査は、この災害に対する企業の責任が直接の経営陣をはるかに超えて及ぶと結論づけた。조사 결과, 이 재난에 대한 기업의 책임이 직접적인 경영진을 훨씬 넘어 확장된다고 결론지었습니다.
- Diminished responsibility may reduce a defendant's culpability but does not eliminate it entirely. 限定责任能力可以降低被告的可责性,但不能完全消除。La responsabilidad disminuida puede reducir la culpabilidad del acusado, pero no la elimina por completo.限定責任能力は被告人の可責性を軽減しうるが、完全に免除するものではない。한정책임능력은 피고인의 유책성을 경감시킬 수 있지만, 이를 완전히 면제하지는 않습니다.
발음
사용 가이드
맥락: academic, professional
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From Latin culpabilis (blameworthy), from culpa (fault, blame). Entered English through Old French in the 14th century; the noun form culpability emerged in the 16th century.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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