civilisation
의미: A complex human society with its own social organisation, culture, and systems of government; also, the process by which a society reaches an advanced stage of social and cultural development.
Civilisation is typically characterised by features such as settled agriculture, written language, organised government, social hierarchy, and monumental architecture. Historians identify major early civilisations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China. The word can also refer to modern society as a whole ('the threats facing civilisation') or to refined culture and behaviour ('the trappings of civilisation'). Note the British spelling with an 's' rather than the American 'z.'
예문
- The ancient civilisation of Mesopotamia is often regarded as the cradle of human culture. 古代美索不达米亚文明常被视为人类文化的摇篮。La antigua civilización de Mesopotamia se considera a menudo la cuna de la cultura humana.古代メソポタミア文明は、しばしば人類文化の発祥地と見なされています。고대 메소포타미아 문명은 흔히 인류 문화의 발상지로 여겨진다.
- The collapse of a civilisation is rarely caused by a single factor but by a combination of pressures. 一个文明的崩溃很少由单一因素引起,而是多种压力共同作用的结果。El colapso de una civilización rara vez se debe a un solo factor, sino a una combinación de presiones.文明の崩壊は、単一の要因ではなく、複数の圧力の組み合わせによって引き起こされることがほとんどです。문명의 붕괴는 단일 요인이 아니라 여러 압력의 복합적 작용에 의해 야기되는 경우가 대부분이다.
- After weeks in the wilderness, they were relieved to return to the comforts of civilisation. 在荒野中度过数周后,他们回到文明社会的舒适环境中感到如释重负。Tras semanas en plena naturaleza, sintieron alivio al regresar a las comodidades de la civilización.何週間もの荒野の生活を経て、彼らは文明の快適さに戻れたことに安堵しました。몇 주간의 황야 생활 끝에 그들은 문명의 안락함으로 돌아올 수 있어 안도했다.
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사용 가이드
맥락: academic, professional, media
어조: neutral
기원과 역사
From French civilisation, from civiliser (to civilise), from Latin civilis (relating to citizens), from civis (citizen). The French word was first used in the 18th century by the Marquis de Mirabeau.
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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