ラッシュ
의미: Rush hour — the peak commuting period when trains and roads are at their most congested.
Borrowed from English 'rush (hour),' ラッシュ in Japanese specifically evokes the extreme congestion of morning and evening commutes. 朝ラッシュ (morning rush) and 夕ラッシュ/帰宅ラッシュ (evening/homeward rush) are daily realities for millions. Beyond trains, ラッシュ also applies to highway congestion, especially during holiday periods (お盆ラッシュ, 年末年始ラッシュ). Avoiding ラッシュ is a key consideration in daily planning.
예문
- 朝ラッシュ避けたいから早めに出るね。 为了避开早高峰，我早点出门。Quiero evitar la hora punta de la mañana, así que salgo antes.아침 러시 피하고 싶으니까 일찍 나갈게.
- お盆のラッシュに巻き込まれて高速3時間渋滞だった。 赶上了盂兰盆节的出行高峰，在高速上堵了三个小时。Me pillé el atasco de Obon y estuve tres horas parado en la autopista.오봉 러시에 걸려서 고속도로에서 3시간 정체였어.
- ラッシュの時間帯は電車乗りたくない。 高峰时段真不想坐电车。En hora punta no quiero ni subirme al tren.러시아워 시간대에는 전철 타기 싫어.
발음
/ra.sɕu/
사용 가이드
맥락: commuting, travel planning, daily conversation
어조: practical, complaining
✓ 올바른 표현
- ラッシュの時間ずらして出よう。 (Let's leave at a time that avoids rush hour.)错开高峰时间出发吧。Salgamos a una hora que evite la hora punta. (Let's leave at a time that avoids rush hour.)러시아워 시간 피해서 출발하자.
- 朝ラッシュ終わってから行けば空いてるよ。 (If you go after morning rush is over, it'll be empty.)等早高峰过了再去的话就不挤了。Si vas después de que termine la hora punta de la mañana, estará vacío. (If you go after morning rush is over, it'll be empty.)아침 러시 끝나고 나서 가면 한산할 거야.
✗ 잘못된 표현
- 深夜のガラガラな電車を「ラッシュ」とは言わない — ラッシュは混雑した時間帯のこと (Don't call an empty late-night train 'rush' — ラッシュ means a congested peak period)深夜空荡荡的电车不能叫'ラッシュ'——ラッシュ指的是拥挤的高峰时段No llames 'rush' a un tren vacío de madrugada — ラッシュ se refiere al período de máxima congestión (Don't call an empty late-night train 'rush' — ラッシュ means a congested peak period)한밤중에 텅 빈 전철을 '러시'라고 하지 않는다 — 러시는 혼잡한 피크 시간대를 말한다
흔한 실수
- Thinking ラッシュ only refers to trains — it is also used for highway congestion during holidays (お盆ラッシュ, GWラッシュ)
- Not knowing peak times — morning rush is roughly 7:30-9:30 AM, evening rush is 5:30-8:00 PM
기원과 역사
From English 'rush (hour).' Adopted into Japanese during the post-war period of rapid urbanisation. Often used without 'hour' — just ラッシュ alone conveys the full meaning of peak congestion.
문화적 배경
Era: Post-war urbanisation, ongoing
Generation: All commuting ages
Social background: Universal urban life
Regional notes: Most intense in Tokyo and Osaka. Holiday ラッシュ on highways and trains is a seasonal news staple, with predictable peak congestion around GW, Obon, and New Year.
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