お疲れ
의미: A casual way to say 'good work,' 'thanks for your effort,' or simply a greeting used when finishing work or meeting colleagues.
お疲れ is the shortened form of お疲れ様です and is one of the most versatile social phrases in Japanese. It functions as a greeting when meeting coworkers, a farewell when leaving work, and an acknowledgment of effort. Among friends it has evolved into a general-purpose greeting that roughly translates to 'hey' in many contexts.
예문
- お疲れ!今日のミーティングどうだった? 辛苦了!今天的会议怎么样?¡Buen trabajo! ¿Qué tal ha ido la reunión de hoy?수고! 오늘 미팅 어땠어?
- バイト終わった、お疲れ〜。 打工结束了,辛苦~He terminado el turno, ¡buen curro~!알바 끝났다, 수고~.
- お疲れ、飲みに行かない? 辛苦了,去喝一杯不?Buen trabajo, ¿nos vamos de cañas?수고, 한잔하러 갈래?
발음
/o.tsɯ.ka.ɾe/
사용 가이드
맥락: workplace peers, friends, social media, texting
어조: friendly, appreciative
✓ 올바른 표현
- お疲れ、今日も大変だったね (Good work, it was a tough day today, huh)辛苦了,今天也很不容易吧Buen trabajo, hoy ha sido un día duro, ¿eh?수고, 오늘도 힘들었지 (수고했어, 오늘도 고생했네)
- お疲れ〜、週末何する? (Hey! What are you doing this weekend?)辛苦啦~周末打算干嘛?¡Ey! ¿Qué planes tienes para el finde?수고~, 주말에 뭐 해? (야! 주말에 뭐 할 거야?)
✗ 잘못된 표현
- 目上の人には「お疲れ様です」と丁寧に言う — 「お疲れ」だけだと馴れ馴れしい (Use the full お疲れ様です with superiors — お疲れ alone sounds overly familiar)对上级要礼貌地说'お疲れ様です'——只说'お疲れ'会显得太随便Con superiores hay que usar la forma completa お疲れ様です — お疲れ a secas suena demasiado familiar.윗사람에게는 「お疲れ様です」라고 정중하게 말할 것 — 「お疲れ」만으로는 건방지게 들린다 (윗사람에게는 정중한 お疲れ様です를 사용할 것 — お疲れ만 쓰면 지나치게 친근하게 들린다)
흔한 실수
- Using お疲れ with clients, bosses, or in formal settings where お疲れ様です is required
- Thinking お疲れ only means 'you look tired' — it is primarily a social greeting
기원과 역사
Shortened from お疲れ様です (otsukaresama desu), a ubiquitous Japanese workplace phrase acknowledging mutual effort. The casual truncation became standard among peers and friends.
문화적 배경
Era: Long-standing workplace culture, casual form popularised 2000s+
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
Regional notes: Used nationwide. Arguably the most-used workplace greeting in Japan, functioning as hello, goodbye, and thank you all in one.
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