面子
의미: Face — one's social reputation, dignity, and standing that must be maintained in public.
面子 operates alongside 世間体 but focuses more on personal dignity and the respect others show you. Losing face (面子を潰す) is one of the most serious social offences in Japanese culture. Corporate decisions, political negotiations, and personal relationships are all shaped by the need to protect everyone's 面子. Understanding this is essential for navigating Japanese business and social life.
예문
- 人前で面子を潰されたら誰だって怒るよ。 在众人面前被驳了面子，谁都会生气的。Cualquiera se enfadaría si le hacen quedar mal delante de los demás.사람들 앞에서 체면을 구기면 누구라도 화내지.
- 面子を立てるために裏で根回ししておいた。 为了给对方留面子，提前在幕后做了协调。Hice gestiones entre bastidores para salvaguardar su reputación.체면을 세워주기 위해 뒤에서 미리 근회(뿌리 돌리기)를 해뒀어.
- 面子にこだわりすぎると大事なことを見失うよ。 太执着于面子，反而会忽略真正重要的事。Si te obsesionas demasiado con quedar bien, pierdes de vista lo importante.체면에 너무 집착하면 정작 중요한 것을 놓치게 돼.
발음
/meɴ.tsɯ/
사용 가이드
맥락: business, negotiations, social dynamics, conflict resolution
어조: serious, diplomatic
✓ 올바른 표현
- 相手の面子を潰さないように注意してね (Be careful not to make them lose face)注意别让对方丢了面子（Be careful not to make them lose face）Ten cuidado de no hacerle quedar mal.상대방 체면 깎이지 않게 조심해 (Be careful not to make them lose face)
- 面子を立ててくれてありがとう (Thanks for preserving my dignity)谢谢你给我留面子（Thanks for preserving my dignity）Gracias por salvaguardar mi dignidad.체면 세워줘서 고마워 (Thanks for preserving my dignity)
✗ 잘못된 표현
- 会議で上司の面子を潰すような反論は避ける (Avoid contradicting your boss in a meeting in a way that makes them lose face)在会议上当众反驳上司让他丢面子的做法要避免（Avoid contradicting your boss in a meeting in a way that makes them lose face）Evita contradecir a tu jefe en una reunión de forma que le haga quedar mal.회의에서 상사의 체면을 깎는 식의 반론은 피해야 한다 (Avoid contradicting your boss in a meeting in a way that makes them lose face)
흔한 실수
- Publicly correcting someone in Japanese business settings — this causes them to lose 面子, even if you are objectively right
- Not understanding that protecting 面子 is not dishonesty — it is a core social courtesy in East Asian cultures
기원과 역사
Borrowed from Chinese 面子 (miànzi, face). While the concept of 'face' exists across East Asia, in Japanese it interacts uniquely with 建前, 義理, and 遠慮 to create a complex web of social reputation management.
문화적 배경
Era: Chinese origin, deeply integrated into Japanese social dynamics
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal, especially business
Regional notes: Used across all of Japan. While the concept of face exists globally, 面子 interacts with other Japanese social concepts to create particularly nuanced dynamics.
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