金欠
의미: Being broke or short on cash — a temporary state of having no spending money.
金欠 is one of the most common financial complaints in casual Japanese, especially among students and young workers. It typically describes a temporary condition — you're broke right now, often due to a specific splurge or expense, but you'll recover next payday. It's used as a lighthearted excuse to decline invitations: '金欠だから無理' (Can't, I'm broke). The term is casual enough for social media posts but would never be used in formal situations.
예문
- 月末はいつも金欠で100円のカップ麺生活になる。 月底总是手头紧，只能靠100日元的泡面过日子。A final de mes siempre estoy sin blanca y acabo viviendo a base de fideos instantáneos de 100 yenes.월말에는 항상 금결이라 100엔짜리 컵라면 생활이 돼.
- 金欠すぎて友達の誘い全部断ってる。 穷得不行，朋友的邀约全都拒绝了。Estoy tan pelado que estoy rechazando todas las invitaciones de mis amigos.너무 돈이 없어서 친구 약속 전부 거절하고 있어.
- ライブ行きすぎて金欠なんだけど、来月も推しのライブあるんだよね…。 看演唱会看太多导致手头紧，但下个月推的演唱会又有了……Me he quedado sin un duro de tanto ir a conciertos, pero es que el mes que viene mi artista favorito tiene otro…라이브에 너무 많이 가서 금결인데, 다음 달에도 최애 라이브가 있거든….
발음
/kiɴ.ke.tsɯ/
사용 가이드
맥락: friends, social media, daily conversation
어조: casual, self-deprecating
✓ 올바른 표현
- 今月金欠だから安いとこで飲もう。 (I'm broke this month, let's drink somewhere cheap.)这个月手头紧，咱们找个便宜的地方喝吧。（I'm broke this month, let's drink somewhere cheap.）今月金欠だから安いとこで飲もう。 (Este mes estoy sin blanca, vamos a beber a un sitio barato.)이번 달 금결이니까 싼 데서 마시자. (이번 달 돈 없으니까 저렴한 곳에서 마시자.)
- 金欠で自炊ばっかりしてたらなぜか料理うまくなった。 (I was cooking at home because I'm broke and somehow I got better at cooking.)因为没钱一直自己做饭，结果厨艺竟然变好了。（I was cooking at home because I'm broke and somehow I got better at cooking.）金欠で自炊ばっかりしてたらなぜか料理うまくなった。 (Estuve cocinando en casa porque no tenía un duro y resulta que se me ha dado mejor la cocina.)금결이라 집밥만 해 먹었더니 웬일로 요리 실력이 늘었어. (돈이 없어서 자취 요리만 했더니 어쩌다 보니 요리를 잘하게 됐어.)
✗ 잘못된 표현
- ビジネスシーンで「金欠です」は不適切 — 「予算的に厳しいです」を使う (In business settings, use '予算的に厳しい' instead of '金欠' — it's too casual)在商务场合说'金欠です'不合适——应该用'予算的に厳しいです'（In business settings, use '预算上有困难' instead of '没钱' — it's too casual）ビジネスシーンで「金欠です」は不適切 — 「予算的に厳しいです」を使う (En contextos profesionales, usa '予算的に厳しい' en lugar de '金欠' — es demasiado coloquial)비즈니스 자리에서 '金欠です'는 부적절 — '予算的に厳しいです'를 사용할 것 (업무 상황에서는 '金欠' 대신 '예산적으로 어렵습니다'를 써야 한다 — 너무 캐주얼한 표현이다)
흔한 실수
- Using 金欠 in formal or business settings — it's strictly casual language. Use 予算が厳しい or 余裕がない for polite situations
기원과 역사
From 金 (money/gold) + 欠 (lacking/deficient). A straightforward compound meaning 'lacking money.' Used as casual slang since at least the postwar era, especially popular among younger generations.
문화적 배경
Era: Postwar era casual speech, popular across all modern eras
Generation: All ages, especially students and young workers
Social background: Universal in casual speech
Regional notes: Used across all of Japan. One of the most frequently used financial expressions in casual Japanese, especially on social media around payday.
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