発達障害
의미: Developmental disorder — an umbrella term covering ADHD, ASD, and learning disabilities, now widely discussed in Japan.
発達障害 has become one of the most discussed health topics in modern Japan. Adult diagnosis has surged as awareness grows that many people went undiagnosed in childhood. Social media accounts by people with 発達障害 sharing their experiences (当事者発信) have been hugely influential in reducing stigma. The term covers a range of conditions including ADHD, ASD (自閉スペクトラム症), and learning disabilities. Workplace accommodations and understanding remain works in progress, but the conversation has shifted dramatically toward acceptance.
예문
- 大人になってから発達障害って診断される人、最近すごく多い。 成年后才被诊断出发育障碍的人,最近特别多。Últimamente es muy frecuente que personas adultas reciban un diagnóstico de trastorno del neurodesarrollo.어른이 되고 나서 발달 장애 진단을 받는 사람이 요즘 정말 많아.
- 発達障害は個性の一つだって考え方が広まってきたよね。 把发育障碍视为个性之一的观念正在逐渐普及。La idea de que los trastornos del neurodesarrollo son una forma más de ser se está extendiendo, ¿verdad?발달 장애는 개성의 하나라는 생각이 퍼지고 있지.
- 発達障害の当事者が発信するSNSアカウントがすごく参考になる。 发育障碍当事人运营的社交媒体账号非常有参考价值。Las cuentas de redes sociales donde personas con trastornos del neurodesarrollo comparten sus experiencias son muy útiles.발달 장애 당사자가 운영하는 SNS 계정이 정말 참고가 돼.
발음
/hat.ta.tsu.ɕoː.ɡa.i/
사용 가이드
맥락: healthcare, social media, workplace, education
어조: informative, empathetic
✓ 올바른 표현
- 発達障害は早期発見が大事だと言われてるよ。 (They say early detection of developmental disorders is important.)据说发育障碍的早期发现很重要。(They say early detection of developmental disorders is important.)Dicen que la detección precoz de los trastornos del neurodesarrollo es muy importante.발달 장애는 조기 발견이 중요하대.
- 発達障害があっても自分に合った仕事を見つけてる人はたくさんいる。 (Plenty of people with developmental disorders find jobs that suit them.)即使有发育障碍,也有很多人找到了适合自己的工作。(Plenty of people with developmental disorders find jobs that suit them.)Hay mucha gente con trastornos del neurodesarrollo que encuentra trabajos que se adaptan a ellos.발달 장애가 있어도 자기에게 맞는 일을 찾은 사람은 많아.
✗ 잘못된 표현
- 「発達障害っぽい」を悪口として使わない (Never use 'seems like they have a developmental disorder' as an insult — this is stigmatizing and harmful)不要把'看起来像发育障碍'当作骂人的话来用——这是带有歧视性且有害的行为Nunca uses «parece que tiene un trastorno del neurodesarrollo» como insulto — es estigmatizante y dañino.「발달 장애인 것 같다」를 욕으로 쓰지 마 — 낙인을 찍는 유해한 행위다
흔한 실수
- Using 発達障害 as a single condition — it is an umbrella term covering multiple distinct conditions (ADHD, ASD, LD) with different characteristics
기원과 역사
Medical term from 発達 (development) + 障害 (disorder). Public awareness in Japan grew significantly from the 2000s onward, with the 発達障害者支援法 (Developmental Disability Support Act) enacted in 2005.
문화적 배경
Era: 2000s awareness growth, mainstream from 2010s
Generation: All ages, awareness especially among 20s-40s
Social background: Universal
Regional notes: Used across all of Japan. The 2005 Developmental Disability Support Act was a landmark in Japanese disability policy. Adult diagnosis has become increasingly common.
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