下克上
의미: Lower-ranked overthrowing the higher-ranked — an upset victory where the underdog defeats the favourite in esports or traditional sports.
下克上 is a historical term from the Sengoku period describing retainers who overthrew their lords. In modern usage it has been enthusiastically adopted by sports and esports communities to describe dramatic upsets — a lower-seeded team knocking out a tournament favourite, or a low-ranked player defeating a higher-ranked opponent. The word carries a sense of excitement and historical drama that plain words like 'upset' do not convey.
예문
- まさかの下克上で優勝候補が一回戦で敗退した。 出乎意料的以下犯上,夺冠热门在第一轮就被淘汰了。En una 下克上 inesperada, el favorito al título fue eliminado en la primera ronda.뜻밖의 하극상으로 우승 후보가 1라운드에서 탈락했어.
- 下克上を起こして強豪チームを倒したいよ。 想来一场以下犯上,击败强队。Quiero protagonizar una 下克上 y derrotar al equipo más fuerte.하극상을 일으켜서 강호 팀을 쓰러뜨리고 싶어.
- このトーナメントは毎年下克上があって目が離せない。 这个锦标赛每年都有以下犯上的剧情,让人目不转睛。En este torneo cada año hay alguna 下克上, es imposible apartar la mirada.이 토너먼트는 매년 하극상이 있어서 눈을 뗄 수 없어.
발음
/ge.ko.kɯ.dʑoː/
사용 가이드
맥락: sports commentary, esports, tournament coverage
어조: dramatic, excited
✓ 올바른 표현
- これぞ下克上、誰も予想していなかった (This is a true upset — nobody saw it coming)这才是真正的以下犯上,没有人预料到Esto sí que es una campanada, nadie lo veía venir.이것이야말로 하극상이다, 아무도 예상 못 했어 (진정한 이변이다 — 아무도 예상하지 못했다)
- 下克上を狙って練習してきた (We've been training to pull off an upset)我们一直在为实现爆冷而训练Hemos entrenado para dar la campanada.하극상을 노리고 훈련해 왔어 (이변을 일으키기 위해 연습해 왔다)
✗ 잘못된 표현
- 実力差がほぼない試合を下克上とは言わない (Don't call a closely matched game a 下克上 — the term implies a meaningful gap in expected strength)实力差距不大的比赛不叫下克上——这个词暗含预期实力上的明显差距No uses 下克上 para un partido donde apenas hay diferencia de nivel — el término implica una brecha significativa de fuerza esperada.실력 차이가 거의 없는 경기를 下克上이라 하지 않는다 (접전을 下克上이라 부르지 말 것 — 이 용어는 의미 있는 실력 격차를 전제한다)
흔한 실수
- Using 下克上 for any win against a stronger opponent — the connotation is specifically about overturning an established hierarchy or clear favourite status
기원과 역사
A Sengoku period (15th-16th century) term describing lower-ranking retainers overthrowing their lords. Repurposed in modern Japanese sports and esports commentary to describe upset victories, retaining its original dramatic weight.
문화적 배경
Era: Sengoku period origin; widely used in modern sports and esports from the 2000s onwards
Generation: Sports fans and esports viewers across all ages
Social background: Mainstream sports culture
Regional notes: Used nationwide in sports media and esports coverage. The historical weight of the term makes it a favourite for dramatic tournament moments.
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