ブラックバイト
의미: An exploitative part-time job that overworks students, ignores labour laws, and pressures them to prioritise work over studies.
ブラックバイト is the part-time job equivalent of ブラック企業 (black company). These jobs force students to work excessive hours, deny break times, pressure them to cover shifts on exam days, and sometimes withhold wages. Common in food service, retail, and tutoring industries. The term gained prominence in the 2010s as student poverty and exploitative labour practices became a major social issue. Students often feel unable to quit due to financial pressure or social obligation.
예문
- テスト前なのにシフト入れられてブラックバイトすぎる。 考试前还被排班,这也太黑心了。Estamos en época de exámenes y me han puesto turnos; esto es un curro explotador total.시험 기간인데 시프트를 넣어서 완전 블랙 알바야.
- ブラックバイトで体壊す前に辞めた方がいいよ。 在黑心兼职把身体搞垮之前赶紧辞了吧。Deberías dejarlo antes de que ese trabajo explotador te destroce la salud.블랙 알바로 몸 망가지기 전에 그만두는 게 나아.
- あの居酒屋、ブラックバイトで有名だから応募しない方がいい。 那家居酒屋黑心兼职出了名的,别去应聘了。Ese izakaya es famoso por ser un curro explotador, mejor no solicites ahí.저 이자카야, 블랙 알바로 유명하니까 지원하지 않는 게 좋아.
발음
/bɯ.ɾa.kːɯ.ba.i.to/
사용 가이드
맥락: university, work, social issues, friends
어조: critical, concerned
✓ 올바른 표현
- それ完全にブラックバイトだから辞めなよ。 (That's totally an exploitative job — you should quit.)那完全是黑心兼职啊,赶紧辞了吧。(那绝对是压榨性的工作——你应该辞职。)Eso es totalmente un curro explotador, deberías dejarlo. (That's totally an exploitative job — you should quit.)그거 완전 블랙 알바니까 그만둬. (그건 완전히 착취적인 직장이니까 그만두는 게 나아.)
- ブラックバイトに引っかからないように気をつけて。 (Be careful not to get trapped in a black part-time job.)小心别掉进黑心兼职的坑里。(注意别被黑心兼职给骗了。)Ten cuidado de no caer en un trabajo explotador. (Be careful not to get trapped in a black part-time job.)블랙 알바에 걸리지 않게 조심해. (착취적인 아르바이트에 빠지지 않도록 주의해.)
✗ 잘못된 표현
- 上司の前で「ここブラックバイトですよね」は危険 (Calling your workplace a ブラックバイト to your boss's face is risky)当着上司的面说'这里是黑心兼职吧'很危险Decirle a tu jefe en la cara «esto es un curro explotador» es arriesgado (Llamar ブラックバイト a tu lugar de trabajo delante del jefe es peligroso)상사 앞에서 '여기 블랙 알바 아닌가요'라고 하면 위험하다 (직장에서 직접 블랙 알바라고 말하는 것은 위험하다)
흔한 실수
- Thinking ブラックバイト only means low pay — it encompasses all forms of exploitation including excessive hours, schedule pressure, verbal abuse, and ignoring labour law
기원과 역사
Coined in 2013 by labour researcher Otsuki Taiichi (大槻泰一), modelled on ブラック企業 (exploitative company). The term quickly spread as media coverage of student labour exploitation increased.
문화적 배경
Era: 2013 coinage, widespread since mid-2010s
Generation: University students and young workers
Social background: Particularly affects students dependent on part-time income
Regional notes: Used across Japan. Labour unions and NPOs now offer ブラックバイト consultation hotlines for students.
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