How do you use "Direct vs Reported Speech" in a sentence?

Direct: She said, 'I love this song. Reported: She said (that) she loved that song. Direct: 'I'll help you,' he promised. Reported: He promised (that) he would help me.

Direct vs Reported Speech

Q: What does "Direct vs Reported Speech" mean?

The difference between quoting exactly and reporting Direct speech uses the exact words in quotation marks. Reported speech paraphrases and changes tenses/pronouns. Direct: He said, 'I am tired.' Reported: He said (that) he was tired.

Grammar Pattern BritishAmericanAustralian ★★★★☆ Common Neutral

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의미: The difference between quoting exactly and reporting

直接引用和转述的区别

La diferencia entre citar exactamente y reportar

正確に引用することと報告することの違い

정확히 인용하는 것과 보고하는 것의 차이

Direct speech uses the exact words in quotation marks. Reported speech paraphrases and changes tenses/pronouns. Direct: He said, 'I am tired.' Reported: He said (that) he was tired.

直接引语使用引号中的原话。间接引语改述并改变时态/代词。直接：He said, 'I am tired.' 间接：He said (that) he was tired.

El discurso directo usa las palabras exactas entre comillas. El discurso indirecto parafrasea y cambia tiempos/pronombres. Directo: He said, 'I am tired.' Indirecto: He said (that) he was tired.

直接話法は引用符内で正確な言葉を使います。間接話法は言い換えて時制/代名詞を変えます。直接：He said, 'I am tired.' 間接：He said (that) he was tired.

직접 화법은 인용부호 안에 정확한 말을 사용합니다. 간접 화법은 의역하며 시제/대명사를 변경합니다. 직접: He said, 'I am tired.' 간접: He said (that) he was tired.

예문

Direct: She said, 'I love this song.
直接：她说，'我喜欢这首歌。
Directo: Ella dijo: 'Me encanta esta canción.
直接：彼女は「この曲が大好き」と言いました。
직접: 그녀는 '이 노래 정말 좋아'라고 말했습니다.
Reported: She said (that) she loved that song.
间接：她说她喜欢那首歌。
Indirecto: Ella dijo que le encantaba esa canción.
間接：彼女はその曲が好きだと言いました。
간접: 그녀는 그 노래가 좋다고 말했습니다.
Direct: 'I'll help you,' he promised.
直接：'我会帮你的，'他承诺道。
Directo: 'Te ayudaré', prometió él.
直接：「手伝うよ」と彼は約束しました。
직접: '도와줄게'라고 그가 약속했습니다.
Reported: He promised (that) he would help me.
间接：他承诺他会帮我。
Indirecto: Él prometió que me ayudaría.
間接：彼は私を手伝うと約束しました。
간접: 그는 나를 도와주겠다고 약속했습니다.

발음

사용 가이드

맥락: spoken, written, everyday

어조: reporting

✓ 올바른 표현

He said, 'I'm happy.' (direct)
他说，'我很高兴。'（直接）
Él dijo: 'Estoy feliz.' (directo)
彼は「幸せです」と言いました。（直接）
그는 '행복해요'라고 말했습니다.（직접）
He said that he was happy. (reported)
他说他很高兴。（间接）
Él dijo que estaba feliz. (indirecto)
彼は幸せだと言いました。（間接）
그는 행복하다고 말했습니다.（간접）
She asked, 'Where are you going?' (direct)
她问，'你要去哪里？'（直接）
Ella preguntó: '¿A dónde vas?' (directo)
彼女は「どこに行くの？」と聞きました。（直接）
그녀는 '어디 가는 거야?'라고 물었습니다.（직접）
She asked where I was going. (reported)
她问我要去哪里。（间接）
Ella preguntó a dónde iba. (indirecto)
彼女は私がどこに行くのか聞きました。（間接）
그녀는 내가 어디에 가는지 물었습니다.（간접）

✗ 잘못된 표현

He said that 'I am happy.' (mixing styles)
He said that 'I am happy.'（混合风格）
He said that 'I am happy.' (mezcla de estilos)
He said that 'I am happy.'（スタイルの混合）
He said that 'I am happy.'（스타일 혼용）
She asked that where I was going. (no 'that' in questions)
She asked that where I was going.（问句不用'that'）
She asked that where I was going. (las preguntas no llevan 'that')
She asked that where I was going.（質問には「that」を使わない）
She asked that where I was going.（의문문에는 'that'을 사용하지 않음）

기원과 역사

Speech reporting conventions

문화적 배경

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

이 주제의 다른 표현

say vs tell ★★★★★ Two ways to report what someone said Basic Reported Speech ★★★★★ Reporting what someone said in the past say vs tell (Basic) ★★★★★ When to use each reporting verb Tense Changes in Reported Speech ★★★★☆ How tenses shift back in reported speech