How do you use "Modal Shifts in Reported Speech" in a sentence?

I can swim' → She said she could swim. I will help' → He said he would help. You must go' → She said I must/had to go. I should leave' → He said he should leave. (no change)

Modal Shifts in Reported Speech

Q: What does "Modal Shifts in Reported Speech" mean?

How modals change (or don't) in reported speech Some modals change in reported speech: can → could, will → would, may → might. Others don't change: could, would, should, might, ought to. 'Must' can stay or become 'had to' depending on meaning.

Grammar Pattern BritishAmericanAustralian ★★★★☆ Common Neutral

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의미: How modals change (or don't) in reported speech

情态动词在间接引语中如何变化（或不变）

Cómo cambian (o no) los modales en el estilo indirecto

間接話法でモーダルがどう変化するか（または変化しないか）

간접화법에서 조동사가 어떻게 변하는지 (또는 변하지 않는지)

Some modals change in reported speech: can → could, will → would, may → might. Others don't change: could, would, should, might, ought to. 'Must' can stay or become 'had to' depending on meaning.

有些情态动词在间接引语中变化：can → could，will → would，may → might。有些不变：could、would、should、might、ought to。'Must'可以不变或变成'had to'，取决于含义。

Algunos modales cambian en el estilo indirecto: can → could, will → would, may → might. Otros no cambian: could, would, should, might, ought to. 'Must' puede permanecer o convertirse en 'had to' dependiendo del significado.

一部のモーダルは間接話法で変化します：can → could、will → would、may → might。変化しないもの：could、would、should、might、ought to。「Must」は意味によって変化しないか「had to」になります。

일부 조동사는 간접화법에서 변합니다: can → could, will → would, may → might. 다른 것들은 변하지 않습니다: could, would, should, might, ought to. 'Must'는 의미에 따라 그대로 유지되거나 'had to'로 바뀔 수 있습니다.

예문

I can swim' → She said she could swim.
我会游泳' → 她说她会游泳。
Puedo nadar' → Ella dijo que podía nadar.
泳げます' → 彼女は泳げると言いました。
수영할 수 있어요' → 그녀는 수영할 수 있다고 말했습니다.
I will help' → He said he would help.
我会帮忙' → 他说他会帮忙。
Ayudaré' → Él dijo que ayudaría.
手伝います' → 彼は手伝うと言いました。
도와줄게요' → 그는 도와주겠다고 말했습니다.
You must go' → She said I must/had to go.
你必须走' → 她说我必须/不得不走。
Debes ir' → Ella dijo que debía/tenía que ir.
行かなければなりません' → 彼女は行かなければならないと言いました。
가야 합니다' → 그녀는 내가 가야 한다고 말했습니다.
I should leave' → He said he should leave. (no change)
我应该离开' → 他说他应该离开。（不变）
Debería irme' → Él dijo que debería irse. (sin cambio)
出発すべきです' → 彼は出発すべきだと言いました。（変化なし）
떠나야 할 것 같아요' → 그는 떠나야 할 것 같다고 말했습니다. (변화 없음)

발음

사용 가이드

맥락: spoken, written, everyday

어조: reporting

✓ 올바른 표현

She said she could come tomorrow.
她说她明天能来。
Ella dijo que podía venir mañana.
彼女は明日来られると言った。
그녀는 내일 올 수 있다고 말했습니다.
He told me he would think about it.
他告诉我他会考虑的。
Él me dijo que lo pensaría.
彼は考えておくと言った。
그는 생각해 보겠다고 나에게 말했습니다.
They said they might be late.
他们说他们可能会迟到。
Dijeron que podrían llegar tarde.
彼らは遅れるかもしれないと言った。
그들은 늦을 수도 있다고 말했습니다.
She told me I should see a doctor.
她告诉我应该去看医生。
Ella me dijo que debería ver a un médico.
彼女は医者に診てもらうべきだと言った。
그녀는 나에게 의사를 만나보라고 말했습니다.
She said she could come.
她说她能来。
Ella dijo que podía venir.
彼女は来られると言いました。
그녀는 올 수 있다고 말했다.
He told me he would help.
他告诉我他会帮忙。
Él me dijo que ayudaría.
彼は手伝うと私に言いました。
그는 나에게 도와주겠다고 말했다.

✗ 잘못된 표현

She said she can come. (shift to 'could' in past reporting)
She said she can come.（过去报告时应变为'could'）
She said she can come.（en el estilo indirecto pasado se cambia a 'could'）
She said she can come.（過去の報告では「could」に変える）
She said she can come.（과거 보고 시 'could'로 전환）
He told me he will help. (shift to 'would')
He told me he will help.（应变为'would'）
He told me he will help.（se cambia a 'would'）
He told me he will help.（「would」に変える）
He told me he will help.（'would'로 전환）

기원과 역사

Modal backshift in reporting

문화적 배경

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

이 주제의 다른 표현

Advanced Reporting Verbs ★★★★☆ Using varied verbs beyond say/tell for nuanced reporting Reporting Verb Patterns ★★★★☆ Grammar patterns following different reporting verbs Reporting with Continuous Forms ★★★★☆ Reporting ongoing situations and attitudes Impersonal passive reporting ★★★★☆ Distancing the source in formal reports Complex Reporting Patterns ★★★☆☆ Advanced verb patterns in reported speech Reporting Verb Patterns ★★★☆☆ Different grammatical patterns after reporting verbs