Past Perfect Continuous
Grammar Pattern
BritishAmericanAustralian
★★★☆☆ Moderate
Neutral
의미: Emphasizes the duration of an activity before another past event
强调在另一个过去事件之前活动的持续时间
Enfatiza la duración de una actividad antes de otro evento pasado
別の過去の出来事の前の活動の継続時間を強調する
다른 과거 사건 이전의 활동 지속 기간을 강조하기
Use 'had been + -ing' to emphasize how long something had been happening before another past event. Shows cause and effect: 'I was tired because I had been working all day.' Not used with state verbs.
用'had been + -ing'强调在另一个过去事件之前某事持续了多久。表示因果关系：'I was tired because I had been working all day.'（我很累因为我工作了一整天。）不用于状态动词。
Usa 'had been + -ing' para enfatizar cuánto tiempo había estado sucediendo algo antes de otro evento pasado. Muestra causa y efecto: 'I was tired because I had been working all day.' No se usa con verbos de estado.
「had been + -ing」を使って、別の過去の出来事の前に何かがどれくらい続いていたかを強調します。因果関係を示します：「I was tired because I had been working all day.」（一日中働いていたので疲れていた。）状態動詞には使いません。
'had been + -ing'을 사용하여 다른 과거 사건 이전에 얼마나 오래 무언가가 진행되고 있었는지를 강조합니다. 인과관계를 보여줍니다: 'I was tired because I had been working all day.' 상태 동사에는 사용하지 않습니다.
예문
- I had been waiting for an hour when she finally arrived. 她终于到的时候，我已经等了一个小时了。Había estado esperando durante una hora cuando ella finalmente llegó.彼女がやっと着いた時、私は1時間待っていました。그녀가 마침내 도착했을 때 저는 한 시간째 기다리고 있었습니다.
- They had been living there for years before they moved. 他们搬走之前，已经在那里住了好几年了。Habían estado viviendo allí durante años antes de mudarse.彼らは引っ越す前に何年もそこに住んでいました。그들은 이사하기 전에 수년간 거기서 살고 있었습니다.
- She was exhausted because she had been running. 她精疲力尽，因为一直在跑步。Ella estaba agotada porque había estado corriendo.彼女は走っていたので疲れ果てていました。그녀는 달리고 있었기 때문에 지쳐 있었습니다.
- How long had you been learning French before you visited Paris? 你去巴黎之前学了多久法语？¿Cuánto tiempo habías estado aprendiendo francés antes de visitar París?パリを訪れる前にどのくらいフランス語を勉強していましたか？파리를 방문하기 전에 얼마나 오래 프랑스어를 배우고 있었나요?
발음
사용 가이드
맥락: written, narrative, everyday
어조: emphatic
✓ 올바른 표현
- The ground was wet because it had been raining.地面是湿的，因为一直在下雨。El suelo estaba mojado porque había estado lloviendo.雨が降っていたので地面が濡れていました。비가 오고 있었기 때문에 땅이 젖어 있었습니다.
- He had been working there for 20 years before he retired.他退休前在那里工作了20年。Él había estado trabajando allí durante 20 años antes de jubilarse.彼は退職する前に20年間そこで働いていました。그는 은퇴하기 전에 20년간 거기서 일하고 있었습니다.
- We had been discussing the issue for hours.我们讨论这个问题讨论了几个小时。Habíamos estado discutiendo el tema durante horas.私たちは何時間もその問題について話し合っていました。우리는 몇 시간 동안 그 문제를 논의하고 있었습니다.
- She looked upset - had she been crying?她看起来很沮丧——她一直在哭吗？Ella parecía molesta - ¿había estado llorando?彼女は動揺しているようでした - 泣いていたのでしょうか？그녀가 속상해 보였어요 - 울고 있었던 건가요?
- I had known her for years.我那时已经认识她好多年了。La conocía desde hacía años.彼女とは何年も前から知り合いでした。나는 그녀를 수년간 알고 지냈었다.
- He had had a car.他那时已经有一辆车了。Él había tenido un carro.彼は車を持っていました。그는 차를 가지고 있었었다.
✗ 잘못된 표현
- I had been knowing her for years. (state verb)I had been knowing her for years.（状态动词）I had been knowing her for years.（verbo de estado）I had been knowing her for years.（状態動詞）I had been knowing her for years.（상태 동사）
- He had been having a car. (possession)He had been having a car.（表示拥有）He had been having a car.（posesión）He had been having a car.（所有）He had been having a car.（소유）
기원과 역사
Past perfect progressive aspect
문화적 배경
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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