How do you use "Cleft Sentences" in a sentence?

It was John who broke the window.' (emphasis on John) It's the money that concerns me.' (emphasis on money) What I need is a holiday.' (emphasis on need) What she did was apologize.' (emphasis on action)

Cleft Sentences

Grammar Pattern BritishAmericanAustralian ★★★☆☆ Moderate Neutral

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의미: Structures that emphasize specific information (It was... that)

强调特定信息的结构（It was... that）

Estructuras que enfatizan información específica (It was... that)

特定の情報を強調する構造（It was... that）

특정 정보를 강조하는 구조 (It was... that)

Cleft sentences split a simple sentence to emphasize one part. 'It-clefts' start with 'It was/is... that/who.' 'Wh-clefts' start with 'What... was/is.' They're powerful tools for emphasis in both speech and writing.

分裂句将简单句分开以强调某一部分。'It分裂句'以'It was/is... that/who'开头。'Wh分裂句'以'What... was/is'开头。它们是口语和书面语中强调的有力工具。

Las oraciones escindidas dividen una oración simple para enfatizar una parte. Los 'It-clefts' comienzan con 'It was/is... that/who.' Los 'Wh-clefts' comienzan con 'What... was/is.' Son herramientas poderosas para énfasis.

分裂文は単純な文を分割して一部を強調します。「It分裂文」は「It was/is... that/who」で始まります。「Wh分裂文」は「What... was/is」で始まります。話し言葉でも書き言葉でも強調の強力なツールです。

분열문은 단순한 문장을 나누어 한 부분을 강조합니다. 'It-분열문'은 'It was/is... that/who'로 시작합니다. 'Wh-분열문'은 'What... was/is'로 시작합니다. 말과 글 모두에서 강조를 위한 강력한 도구입니다.

예문

It was John who broke the window.' (emphasis on John)
是约翰打破了窗户。'（强调约翰）
Fue John quien rompió la ventana.' (énfasis en John)
窓を割ったのはジョンです。'（ジョンを強調）
창문을 깬 것은 존이었다.' (존을 강조)
It's the money that concerns me.' (emphasis on money)
让我担心的是钱。'（强调钱）
Es el dinero lo que me preocupa.' (énfasis en el dinero)
心配なのはお金です。'（お金を強調）
걱정되는 것은 돈이다.' (돈을 강조)
What I need is a holiday.' (emphasis on need)
我需要的是假期。'（强调需要）
Lo que necesito es unas vacaciones.' (énfasis en la necesidad)
私が必要なのは休暇です。'（必要性を強調）
내가 필요한 것은 휴가다.' (필요를 강조)
What she did was apologize.' (emphasis on action)
她所做的是道歉。'（强调行动）
Lo que ella hizo fue disculparse.' (énfasis en la acción)
彼女がしたのは謝ることでした。'（行動を強調）
그녀가 한 것은 사과하는 것이었다.' (행동을 강조)

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사용 가이드

맥락: spoken, written, emphatic

어조: emphatic

✓ 올바른 표현

It was the noise that woke me.
是那个噪音把我吵醒的。
Fue el ruido lo que me despertó.
私を起こしたのはその音だった。
나를 깨운 것은 그 소음이었다.
What I want is the truth.
我想要的是真相。
Lo que quiero es la verdad.
私が欲しいのは真実です。
내가 원하는 것은 진실이다.
It's you who should apologize.
应该道歉的是你。
Eres tú quien debería disculparse.
謝るべきなのはあなたです。
사과해야 하는 사람은 바로 당신이다.
What happened was unexpected.
发生的事出乎意料。
Lo que pasó fue inesperado.
起こったことは予想外でした。
일어난 일은 예상 밖이었다.
It was John who broke the window.
打破窗户的是约翰。
Fue John quien rompió la ventana.
窓を割ったのはジョンでした。
창문을 깬 것은 존이었다.
What I need is a holiday.
我需要的是一个假期。
Lo que necesito son vacaciones.
私が必要なのは休暇です。
내가 필요한 것은 휴가이다.

✗ 잘못된 표현

It was John who he broke the window. (no extra pronoun)
It was John who he broke the window.（不需要额外代词）
It was John who he broke the window.（no se necesita pronombre adicional）
It was John who he broke the window.（余分な代名詞は不要）
It was John who he broke the window.（여분의 대명사 불필요）
What I need is to have a holiday. (simpler: 'is a holiday')
What I need is to have a holiday.（更简单：'is a holiday'）
What I need is to have a holiday.（más simple: 'is a holiday'）
What I need is to have a holiday.（よりシンプルに：「is a holiday」）
What I need is to have a holiday.（더 간단하게: 'is a holiday'）

기원과 역사

Emphatic sentence structure

문화적 배경

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

이 주제의 다른 표현

Sluicing (ellipsis after wh-word) ★★★★★ Omitting everything after a question word so...that / such...that (result clauses) ★★★★★ Expressing degree with a result Extraposition ★★★★☆ Moving clause subjects to the end using 'it' Ellipsis ★★★★☆ Leaving out words that can be understood from context Pseudo-Cleft Sentences ★★★★☆ What/All/The thing...is constructions for emphasis Substitution with so/not/do ★★★★☆ Avoiding repetition by substituting or omitting