Verb Tenses

Present and past simple & continuous

소개

동사 시제를 이해하는 것은 영어 문법의 기초 중 기초예요. 기본 단계에서 꼭 마스터해야 할 시제는 네 가지: 현재 시제(Present Simple), 현재 진행형(Present Continuous), 과거 시제(Past Simple), 과거 진행형(Past Continuous)이에요.

한국어에서는 "-는다", "-었다", "-고 있다"로 간단히 표현하지만, 영어는 시제마다 동사 형태가 꽤 달라져요. 이 네 가지 시제로 습관, 현재 진행 중인 동작, 완료된 사건, 배경 행동을 표현할 수 있어요. 말할 때나 글 쓸 때나 항상 쓰이는 일상 소통의 뼈대죠.

이 네 가지를 먼저 완벽히 익히면, 나중에 배울 더 복잡한 시제도 훨씬 수월하게 이해할 수 있을 거예요.

테마

이 챕터의 모든 영어 문법 (28)

• Present Simple Describes habits, routines, facts, and general truths
• Present Continuous Describes actions happening now or temporary situations
• Past Simple Describes completed actions in the past
• Past Continuous Describes ongoing actions at a specific time in the past
• Third Person -s/-es Adding -s or -es to verbs for he/she/it in present simple
• State Verbs Verbs that describe states and are not usually used in continuous tenses
• Time Expressions (Present) Words that signal present simple or continuous
• Time Expressions (Past) Words that signal past simple
• Common Irregular Verbs Frequently used verbs with irregular past forms
• The Verb 'be' The most irregular and important verb in English
• Frequency Adverbs Words that show how often something happens
• Time Expressions (Present) Words and phrases that indicate when in the present
• Time Expressions (Past) Words and phrases that indicate past time
• going to + verb Expressing future intentions or predictions based on evidence
• will + verb Expressing spontaneous decisions, offers, and predictions
• State Verbs (Non-Action) Verbs that describe states rather than actions
• Present Simple for Schedules Using present simple for timetables and fixed events
• have got Expressing possession (British English preference)
• Contractions with 'be' Shortened forms of 'be' verbs
• Contractions with 'will' and 'would' Shortened forms: 'll and 'd
• ago Time before now (with past simple)
• last / next / this (Time) Referring to specific time periods
• make vs do Choosing between make and do
• like vs would like General preference vs specific desire
• going to (plans and predictions) Expressing future plans and predictions
• always, usually, often, sometimes, never Adverbs showing how often
• ever and never At any time / at no time
• already, yet, still Time expressions about expected events