ペコペコ
Meaning: Extremely hungry (starving); also describes bowing repeatedly in an obsequious manner.
ペコペコ has two distinct uses. The most common in casual speech is お腹がペコペコ (stomach is peko peko), meaning you're very hungry — the word mimics a hollow, empty stomach. The second meaning describes someone bowing repeatedly and excessively, implying sycophantic behavior toward someone of higher status. This dual meaning makes it a uniquely expressive word that covers both physical and social situations.
Examples
- お腹ペコペコ、早くご飯食べたい。 肚子ペコペコ(饿扁了),好想快点吃饭。Estoy muerto de hambre, quiero comer ya.배가 페코페코(꼬르륵), 빨리 밥 먹고 싶어.
- あの人上司にペコペコしすぎじゃない? 那个人对上司也太ペコペコ(点头哈腰)了吧?¿No crees que esa persona hace demasiadas reverencias al jefe?저 사람 상사한테 페코페코(굽신굽신) 너무 하는 거 아냐?
- 朝から何も食べてないからもうペコペコだよ。 从早上到现在什么都没吃,已经ペコペコ(饿得不行)了。No he comido nada desde la mañana, así que estoy famélico.아침부터 아무것도 안 먹어서 이제 페코페코(배고파 죽겠)야.
Pronunciation
/pe.ko.pe.ko/
Usage Guide
Context: daily life, friends, describing hunger or behavior
Tone: expressive, colloquial
✓ Do Say
- お腹ペコペコ〜何か食べに行こう (I'm starving — let's go eat something)肚子ペコペコ(饿扁了)~去吃点什么吧お腹ペコペコ〜何か食べに行こう (Estoy muerto de hambre, vamos a comer algo)배가 페코페코(꼬르륵)~ 뭔가 먹으러 가자 (배고파 죽겠어 — 뭔가 먹으러 가자)
- 走り回ったらペコペコになった (After running around I got super hungry)跑了一圈之后ペコペコ(饿得不行)了走り回ったらペコペコになった (Después de correr de un lado a otro me quedé famélico)뛰어다녔더니 페코페코(배고파 죽겠)해졌어 (뛰어다녔더니 엄청 배고파졌어)
✗ Don't Say
- 目上の人の前で「ペコペコしてる」と他人を批判しない (Don't criticize someone for 'bowing excessively' in front of superiors — it's gossipy)不要当着长辈的面批评别人'ペコペコ(点头哈腰)'——这种话像是在背后说闲话目上の人の前で「ペコペコしてる」と他人を批判しない (No critiques a alguien por 'hacer reverencias excesivas' delante de sus superiores, es cotillear)윗사람 앞에서 '페코페코하고 있다'고 남을 비판하지 않는다 (윗사람 앞에서 다른 사람이 '굽신거린다'고 비난하면 수군거리는 것처럼 보임)
Common Mistakes
- Not knowing the bowing meaning — ペコペコする about a person means they're being obsequious, not hungry
- Using in very formal situations — say 空腹です instead
Origin & History
The 'hungry' sense imitates the feeling of a hollow, concave stomach (ぺこん = denting inward). The 'bowing' sense mimics the repetitive up-down motion of bowing. Both meanings have been in use since the early modern period.
Cultural Context
Era: Traditional onomatopoeia, centuries old
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
Regional notes: Used across all of Japan. お腹ペコペコ is one of the first onomatopoeia taught to children.
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