relativism
意味: The philosophical position that knowledge, truth, or morality exist only in relation to culture, society, or historical context, rather than being absolute or universal.
Relativism takes many forms: moral relativism holds that ethical standards vary between cultures; cultural relativism argues that a society's practices should be understood in their own terms rather than judged by external standards; epistemic relativism questions whether objective truth is attainable. The position is often contrasted with absolutism and universalism, and is frequently debated in anthropology, ethics, and political philosophy.
例文
- Cultural relativism cautions against judging the customs of other societies by one's own standards. 文化相对主义警告我们不要以自己的标准来评判其他社会的风俗。El relativismo cultural advierte contra juzgar las costumbres de otras sociedades según los propios estándares.文化的相対主義は、他の社会の慣習を自分自身の基準で裁くことへの警鐘を鳴らします。문화적 상대주의는 다른 사회의 관습을 자신의 기준으로 판단하는 것을 경계한다.
- Critics of moral relativism argue that some acts, such as genocide, are wrong regardless of cultural context. 道德相对主义的批评者认为,某些行为(如种族灭绝)无论在什么文化背景下都是错误的。Los críticos del relativismo moral argumentan que ciertos actos, como el genocidio, son condenables independientemente del contexto cultural.道徳的相対主義の批判者は、大量虐殺のような行為は文化的文脈に関係なく間違っていると主張します。도덕적 상대주의의 비판자들은 대량 학살과 같은 행위는 문화적 맥락에 관계없이 잘못된 것이라고 주장한다.
- The rise of postmodernism brought renewed interest in relativism as a philosophical stance. 后现代主义的兴起重新激发了人们对相对主义作为一种哲学立场的兴趣。El auge del posmodernismo renovó el interés por el relativismo como postura filosófica.ポストモダニズムの台頭により、哲学的立場としての相対主義への関心が新たに高まりました。포스트모더니즘의 부상은 철학적 입장으로서의 상대주의에 대한 관심을 새롭게 불러일으켰다.
発音
使い方ガイド
場面: academic
トーン: neutral
起源と歴史
From relative (from Latin relativus, from relatus, past participle of referre, to carry back) and -ism. The philosophical usage developed in the 19th century alongside debates about cultural difference and scientific knowledge.
文化的背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
このトピックの他の表現
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