patriarchy
意味: A social system in which men hold primary power, authority, and leadership positions in political, economic, and domestic life, and in which descent and inheritance follow the male line.
In feminist theory, patriarchy describes the systemic dominance of men over women embedded in institutions, laws, and cultural norms. The concept is used to explain persistent gender inequalities in pay, political representation, and domestic labour. Some scholars argue that patriarchy intersects with other systems of oppression such as capitalism and racism. The adjective 'patriarchal' describes societies, institutions, or attitudes that reflect male dominance.
例文
- Feminist scholars argue that patriarchy is not simply about individual men behaving badly but about structural systems that privilege men collectively. 女权主義学者认为,父权制不仅仅是个别男性的不当行为,而是一种从整体上赋予男性特权的结构性制度。Las académicas feministas argumentan que el patriarcado no se reduce a hombres individuales que se comportan mal, sino que es un sistema estructural que privilegia colectivamente a los hombres.フェミニストの学者たちは、家父長制は個々の男性の悪い行動の問題ではなく、男性全体に特権を与える構造的なシステムであると主張しています。페미니스트 학자들은 가부장제가 단순히 개별 남성의 나쁜 행동에 관한 것이 아니라 남성 전체에게 특권을 부여하는 구조적 시스템에 관한 것이라고 주장합니다.
- The patriarchal traditions of the institution meant that women were systematically excluded from leadership roles for over a century. 该机构的父权传统意味着女性被系统性地排斥在领导岗位之外长达一个多世纪。Las tradiciones patriarcales de la institución significaron que las mujeres fueron sistemáticamente excluidas de los puestos de liderazgo durante más de un siglo.その組織の家父長的な伝統により、女性は一世紀以上にわたって指導的地位から組織的に排除されてきました。그 기관의 가부장적 전통으로 인해 여성은 한 세기 이상 지도적 지위에서 체계적으로 배제되어 왔습니다.
- Challenging patriarchy requires changes not only in law and policy but in deeply ingrained cultural attitudes about gender roles. 挑战父权制不仅需要法律和政策的改变,还需要改变关于性别角色的根深蒂固的文化观念。Desafiar al patriarcado requiere cambios no solo en las leyes y las políticas, sino también en actitudes culturales profundamente arraigadas sobre los roles de género.家父長制に挑戦するには、法律や政策の変更だけでなく、ジェンダーの役割に関する深く根付いた文化的態度の変革が必要です。가부장제에 도전하려면 법률과 정책의 변화뿐만 아니라 성 역할에 대한 깊이 뿌리박힌 문화적 태도의 변화가 필요합니다.
発音
使い方ガイド
場面: academic, media
トーン: neutral
起源と歴史
From Greek patriarkhia (rule of the father), combining patria (family, lineage, from pater, father) and arkhein (to rule). Originally used in a religious context for the rule of church fathers, the feminist political sense developed in the 20th century.
文化的背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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