How do you use "incumbent" in a sentence?

The incumbent prime minister faced a strong challenge from the opposition leader in the general election. It is incumbent upon every board member to disclose any potential conflicts of interest. The incumbent lost her seat after two terms, surprising many political commentators.

incumbent

Advanced Vocabulary Word British ★★★☆☆ Moderate Formal

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意味: The current holder of an official position, or (as adjective) necessary as a duty or obligation.

在任者，现任公职人员；（作形容词）作为义务或责任而必须履行的。

Titular del cargo; persona que ocupa actualmente un puesto oficial. Como adjetivo, obligatorio en virtud de un deber.

現職者、公式な役職の現在の保持者。（形容詞として）義務や責務として必要な。

현직자, 공식 직위의 현재 보유자. (형용사로) 의무나 책무로서 필요한.

Incumbent has two main uses. As a noun, it refers to the person currently holding a particular office or position — 'the incumbent president' or 'the incumbent was re-elected.' As an adjective with 'upon,' it means morally or legally obligatory — 'it is incumbent upon all members to declare conflicts of interest.' The word is standard in political journalism and corporate governance, and it often implies an advantage in elections (the 'incumbency advantage').

incumbent 有两种主要用法。作名词时，指目前担任某一特定职务的人——'the incumbent president（现任总统）'或'the incumbent was re-elected（在任者获得连任）'。作形容词与'upon'连用时，表示在道义上或法律上必须做的——'it is incumbent upon all members to declare conflicts of interest（所有成员都有义务申报利益冲突）'。该词是政治新闻和公司治理中的标准用语，常暗含选举中的'incumbency advantage（在任优势）'。

Incumbent tiene dos usos principales. Como sustantivo, designa a quien ocupa actualmente un cargo: 'the incumbent president' (el presidente en ejercicio) o 'the incumbent was re-elected' (el titular fue reelegido). Como adjetivo seguido de 'upon', significa moralmente o legalmente obligatorio: 'it is incumbent upon all members to declare conflicts of interest' (incumbe a todos los miembros declarar conflictos de intereses). Es término habitual en el periodismo político y la gobernanza corporativa, y a menudo implica la llamada 'incumbency advantage' (ventaja del titular).

incumbent には主に二つの用法がある。名詞としては、特定の役職に現在就いている人を指す——「the incumbent president（現職の大統領）」「the incumbent was re-elected（現職者が再選された）」のように使う。形容詞として「upon」を伴う場合、道義的・法的に必須であることを意味する——「it is incumbent upon all members to declare conflicts of interest（全員に利益相反の申告義務がある）」。政治報道やコーポレートガバナンスで標準的に使われ、しばしば選挙における「incumbency advantage（現職の優位性）」を含意する。

Incumbent는 두 가지 주요 용법이 있다. 명사로는 현재 특정 직위를 맡고 있는 사람을 지칭한다 — 'the incumbent president' 또는 'the incumbent was re-elected.' 형용사로 'upon'과 함께 쓰일 때는 도덕적 또는 법적으로 의무적인 것을 의미한다 — 'it is incumbent upon all members to declare conflicts of interest.' 이 단어는 정치 저널리즘과 기업 거버넌스에서 표준적으로 사용되며, 선거에서의 이점('현직 프리미엄')을 암시하는 경우가 많다.

例文

The incumbent prime minister faced a strong challenge from the opposition leader in the general election.
现任首相在大选中面临反对党领袖的强有力挑战。
El primer ministro en ejercicio se enfrentó a un fuerte desafío del líder de la oposición en las elecciones generales.
現職の首相は総選挙で野党党首からの強い挑戦に直面した。
현직 총리는 총선에서 야당 대표의 강력한 도전에 직면했다.
It is incumbent upon every board member to disclose any potential conflicts of interest.
每位董事会成员都有义务披露任何潜在的利益冲突。
Incumbe a cada miembro del consejo revelar cualquier posible conflicto de intereses.
すべての理事会メンバーには、潜在的な利益相反を開示する義務がある。
모든 이사회 구성원에게는 잠재적인 이해충돌을 공개할 의무가 있다.
The incumbent lost her seat after two terms, surprising many political commentators.
在任者在两届任期后失去了席位，令许多政治评论家感到意外。
La titular perdió su escaño tras dos legislaturas, lo que sorprendió a numerosos analistas políticos.
現職者が2期務めた後に議席を失い、多くの政治評論家を驚かせた。
현직자가 2기를 마친 후 의석을 잃어 많은 정치 평론가들을 놀라게 했다.

発音

使い方ガイド

場面: media, academic, professional

トーン: neutral

起源と歴史

From Latin incumbentem (lying upon, leaning on), present participle of incumbere (to lean upon, apply oneself to), from in- (upon) + -cumbere (to lie down). The political office-holder sense developed in the 15th century.

文化的背景

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

このトピックの他の表現

intuitive ★★★★★ Based on or proceeding from instinctive feeling rather th... reckless ★★★★★ Heedless of danger or the consequences of one's actions; ... impulsive ★★★★★ Acting or done without forethought, driven by a sudden ur... spontaneous ★★★★★ Occurring or arising naturally and without external cause... calculated ★★★★★ Done with full awareness and intention; carefully planned... deliberate ★★★★★ Done consciously and intentionally rather than by acciden...