glycolysis
意味: The metabolic pathway in which glucose is broken down into pyruvate, producing a small amount of energy in the form of ATP, occurring in the cytoplasm of cells.
Glycolysis is the first stage of cellular respiration and occurs in virtually all living organisms, making it one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. It does not require oxygen and produces a net gain of two ATP molecules per glucose molecule. 'Glycolytic pathway,' 'anaerobic glycolysis,' 'glycolysis and the Krebs cycle,' and 'rate of glycolysis' are standard collocations. In cancer biology, the observation that tumour cells rely heavily on glycolysis even in the presence of oxygen — known as the Warburg effect — has significant diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
例文
- Glycolysis is the initial step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, converting glucose into pyruvate. 糖酵解是有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸的初始步骤,将葡萄糖转化为丙酮酸。La glucólisis es el paso inicial tanto de la respiración aerobia como de la anaerobia, convirtiendo la glucosa en piruvato.解糖は好気呼吸と嫌気呼吸の両方における最初のステップであり、グルコースをピルビン酸に変換する。해당은 호기 호흡과 혐기 호흡 모두에서 초기 단계로, 포도당을 피루브산으로 전환한다.
- During intense exercise, anaerobic glycolysis provides rapid energy but produces lactate as a by-product. 在高强度运动中,无氧糖酵解可以快速提供能量,但会产生乳酸作为副产物。Durante el ejercicio intenso, la glucólisis anaerobia proporciona energía rápida pero produce lactato como subproducto.激しい運動中、嫌気的解糖は急速にエネルギーを供給するが、副産物として乳酸を生成する。격렬한 운동 중 무산소 해당은 빠르게 에너지를 공급하지만 부산물로 젖산을 생성한다.
- The Warburg effect describes how cancer cells preferentially use glycolysis for energy production even when oxygen is plentiful. 瓦博格效应描述了癌细胞如何在氧气充足的情况下仍优先利用糖酵解来产生能量。El efecto Warburg describe cómo las células cancerosas utilizan preferentemente la glucólisis para obtener energía incluso cuando disponen de oxígeno en abundancia.ワールブルグ効果は、がん細胞が酸素が豊富に存在する場合でもエネルギー産生に優先的に解糖を利用する現象を記述している。바르부르크 효과는 암세포가 산소가 풍부한 상태에서도 에너지 생산에 우선적으로 해당을 이용하는 현상을 설명한다.
発音
使い方ガイド
場面: academic, professional
トーン: neutral
起源と歴史
From Greek glykys (sweet) + lysis (loosening, decomposition). The term was coined in the early 20th century as biochemists mapped the series of enzymatic reactions involved in glucose metabolism.
文化的背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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