decentralisation
意味: The transfer of authority, functions, or resources from a central government or organisation to local or regional bodies.
Decentralisation is the counterpart of centralisation, describing the dispersal of power away from a single centre. It is a central theme in discussions of governance, public administration, and organisational design. Advocates argue that it brings decisions closer to the people affected; critics warn that it can lead to inconsistency and duplication. In Britain, devolution to Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland is the most prominent example. Common collocations include 'fiscal decentralisation,' 'administrative decentralisation,' and 'the push for decentralisation.'
例文
- The decentralisation of NHS decision-making was intended to give local trusts greater autonomy over budgets and priorities. NHS决策权的下放旨在赋予地方信托机构在预算和优先事项上更大的自主权。La descentralización de la toma de decisiones del NHS pretendía dar a los trusts locales mayor autonomía sobre presupuestos y prioridades.NHSの意思決定の分権化は、地方トラストに予算と優先事項に関するより大きな自律性を与えることを意図していた。NHS 의사결정의 분권화는 지방 트러스트에 예산과 우선순위에 관한 더 큰 자율성을 부여하기 위한 것이었다.
- Post-war Germany's constitution enshrined a strong commitment to decentralisation, distributing power among sixteen federal states. 战后德国的宪法确立了对分权化的坚定承诺,将权力分配给十六个联邦州。La constitución de la Alemania de posguerra consagró un firme compromiso con la descentralización, distribuyendo el poder entre dieciséis estados federales.戦後ドイツの憲法は分権化への強い取り組みを明記し、権力を16の連邦州に分配した。전후 독일의 헌법은 분권화에 대한 강력한 의지를 명시하여 권력을 16개 연방주에 분배했다.
- The company's decentralisation strategy gave regional managers full authority over hiring and procurement. 该公司的分权化战略赋予了区域经理在招聘和采购方面的全部权力。La estrategia de descentralización de la empresa otorgó a los directores regionales plena autoridad sobre contratación y adquisiciones.その企業の分権化戦略は、地域のマネージャーに採用と調達に関する全権を与えた。그 기업의 분권화 전략은 지역 관리자에게 채용과 조달에 관한 전권을 부여했다.
発音
使い方ガイド
場面: academic, media, professional
トーン: neutral
起源と歴史
From de- (away, down from) + centralisation. The term came into common political usage in the nineteenth century, particularly in discussions of French and British administrative reform.
文化的背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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