Change & Development

Phrasal verbs for transformation and growth

はじめに

人生は絶えず変化するもの。句動詞はそのあらゆる変容を捉えます。物事は予想と違う方向に「turn out（なる）」し、状況は「work out（うまくいく）」こともあれば崩壊することもある。そして私たち自身も「grow up（成長し）」、「move on（前に進む）」。

この章では、変化に関する句動詞を学びます。個人の成長、予期しない結果、改善、そして物事が時間とともに変化していく様子。

テーマ

この章の句動詞一覧（78）

• turn into To become something different
• come about To happen or occur
• bring about To cause something to happen
• switch over To change from one thing to another
• phase in To introduce gradually
• shake up To make major changes; to shock or upset
• scale down To reduce in size or scope
• move on To progress to the next thing; to stop dwelling on the past
• give way To collapse; to yield to traffic or pressure
• wear out To become unusable through use; to exhaust
• break through To achieve success after difficulty
• die down To gradually become less intense
• pick up To improve or increase
• grow out of To become too big for; to mature beyond
• take up To start a new activity or hobby
• cut down To reduce the amount of something
• settle in To become comfortable in a new place
• tone down To make less intense
• fade away To gradually disappear
• peter out To gradually end or fail
• turn around To improve a bad situation dramatically
• shape up To improve behaviour or performance
• pan out To develop or turn out in a particular way
• spring up To appear suddenly or quickly
• die out To become extinct or disappear completely
• level off To stop increasing or decreasing and become stable
• even out To become more balanced or equal
• round off To complete or finish something nicely
• wind down To gradually come to an end or relax
• wind up To end up in a particular situation or place
• grow into To develop into something over time
• come along To progress or improve
• look up To improve or become better
• liven up To become more exciting or make something more interesting
• pile up To accumulate in large amounts
• mount up To increase or accumulate
• run down To decline or deteriorate
• wear down To gradually weaken or erode
• speed up To increase speed or make something happen faster
• heat up To become more intense or exciting
• kick off To start or begin something
• set off To trigger or cause something to happen
• spark off To cause something to begin, especially suddenly
• bring on To cause something unpleasant to happen
• come around To change your opinion or decision
• win over To persuade someone to support or like you
• carry over To continue from one period to another
• roll over To extend or renew automatically
• make over To completely change the appearance of something
• do over To do something again from the beginning
• start over To begin again from the beginning
• mull over To think carefully about something for a long time
• stave off To delay or prevent something unpleasant
• head off To prevent something by taking action early
• throw off To disrupt or confuse something
• drum up To generate or create through effort
• open up To create new possibilities or become available
• close down To stop operating permanently
• shut down To stop operating or to silence someone
• set in To begin and seem likely to continue
• kick in To start to have an effect
• tail off To become gradually smaller or quieter
• drop off To decrease or decline
• fall off To decrease in quantity or quality
• bottom out To reach the lowest point before recovering
• bounce back To recover quickly from a setback
• spring back To return quickly to original position or state
• snap back To return suddenly to previous state
• morph into To gradually change into something different
• melt away To disappear gradually
• push on To continue with effort despite challenges
• soldier on To continue bravely despite difficulties
• plod on To continue slowly and steadily
• forge ahead To make strong progress despite obstacles
• evolve into To develop gradually into
• taper off To reduce gradually
• settle into To become comfortable with a new situation
• ease into To start something gradually