How do you use "who / which / that" in a sentence?

The woman who called is my sister.' (person) The book which I read was interesting.' (thing) The car that I bought is red.' (thing with 'that') The teacher who teaches us is kind.' (person)

who / which / that

Q: What does "who / which / that" mean?

Connect sentences by describing nouns Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses that give more information about a noun. 'Who' is for people, 'which' is for things/animals, and 'that' can be used for both (in defining clauses). These clauses act like adjectives.

Grammar Pattern BritishAmericanAustralian ★★★★★ Very Common Neutral

フラッシュカード、クイズ、音声で練習しよう WordLoci →

意味: Connect sentences by describing nouns

通过描述名词来连接句子

Conectar oraciones describiendo sustantivos

名詞を説明して文を繋げる

명사를 설명하여 문장을 연결한다

Relative pronouns introduce relative clauses that give more information about a noun. 'Who' is for people, 'which' is for things/animals, and 'that' can be used for both (in defining clauses). These clauses act like adjectives.

关系代词引导关系从句，提供关于名词的更多信息。'Who'用于人，'which'用于物/动物，'that'两者都可以（在限定性从句中）。这些从句起形容词的作用。

Los pronombres relativos introducen cláusulas relativas que dan más información sobre un sustantivo. 'Who' es para personas, 'which' es para cosas/animales, y 'that' puede usarse para ambos (en cláusulas definitorias). Estas cláusulas actúan como adjetivos.

関係代名詞は名詞についてより多くの情報を与える関係節を導きます。「Who」は人に、「which」は物/動物に、「that」は両方に使えます（限定節で）。これらの節は形容詞のように機能します。

관계대명사는 명사에 대한 추가 정보를 제공하는 관계절을 도입합니다. 'who'는 사람, 'which'는 사물/동물, 'that'은 둘 다(한정절에서)에 사용됩니다. 이 절들은 형용사처럼 기능합니다.

例文

The woman who called is my sister.' (person)
打电话来的那个女人是我姐姐。'（人）
La mujer que llamó es mi hermana.' (persona)
電話をくれた女性は私の姉です。'（人）
전화한 여자는 내 언니입니다.' (사람)
The book which I read was interesting.' (thing)
我读的那本书很有趣。'（物）
El libro que leí era interesante.' (cosa)
私が読んだ本は面白かったです。'（物）
내가 읽은 책은 재미있었습니다.' (사물)
The car that I bought is red.' (thing with 'that')
我买的那辆车是红色的。'（用that指物）
El coche que compré es rojo.' (cosa con 'that')
私が買った車は赤いです。'（thatで物）
내가 산 차는 빨간색입니다.' (that로 사물)
The teacher who teaches us is kind.' (person)
教我们的那位老师很和蔼。'（人）
El profesor que nos enseña es amable.' (persona)
私たちを教える先生は親切です。'（人）
우리를 가르치는 선생님은 친절합니다.' (사람)

発音

使い方ガイド

場面: spoken, written, everyday

トーン: descriptive

✓ 正しい言い方

The man who lives next door is friendly.
住在隔壁的那个人很友好。
El hombre que vive al lado es amable.
隣に住んでいる人は親切です。
옆집에 사는 남자는 친절합니다.
The film which we saw was boring.
我们看的那部电影很无聊。
La película que vimos fue aburrida.
私たちが見た映画は退屈でした。
우리가 본 영화는 지루했습니다.
That's the restaurant that I told you about.
那就是我跟你说过的那家餐厅。
Ese es el restaurante del que te hablé.
あれは私が話したレストランです。
저것이 내가 말했던 레스토랑입니다.
The woman who called...
打电话来的那个女人……
La mujer que llamó...
電話をかけてきた女性が…
전화를 건 여자가…
The book which I read...
我读的那本书……
El libro que leí...
私が読んだ本が…
내가 읽은 책이…

✗ 間違った言い方

The woman which called... (use 'who' for people)
The woman which called...（人用'who'）
The woman which called... (para personas se usa 'who')
The woman which called...（人には「who」を使う）
The woman which called...（사람에게는 'who'를 사용）
The book who I read... (use 'which/that' for things)
The book who I read...（物用'which/that'）
The book who I read... (para cosas se usa 'which/that')
The book who I read...（物には「which/that」を使う）
The book who I read...（사물에는 'which/that'를 사용）

起源と歴史

Relative pronouns from Old English

文化的背景

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

このトピックの他の表現

where (relative) ★★★★★ Relative adverb for places Object Relative Clauses ★★★★★ Relative clauses where the pronoun is the object where (Relative Clauses) ★★★★★ Connecting clauses about places when (Relative Clauses) ★★★★★ Connecting clauses about time Omitting Relative Pronouns ★★★★☆ When you can leave out who/which/that