How do you use "Modal Perfect Continuous" in a sentence?

She must have been crying - her eyes are red. They might have been waiting for hours. He couldn't have been sleeping - there was so much noise. You must have been expecting this.

Modal Perfect Continuous

Grammar Pattern BritishAmericanAustralian ★★★☆☆ Moderate Neutral

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意味: Modal + have been + -ing for duration before past speculation

情态动词 + have been + -ing 表示对过去持续时间的推测

Modal + have been + -ing para duración antes de especulación pasada

モーダル + have been + -ing で過去の推測前の継続時間を表す

조동사 + have been + -ing로 과거의 지속적 행위에 대한 추측 표현

Modal perfect continuous combines speculation with duration: 'She must have been working all night' (I deduce she was working continuously). Used with must, might, may, could, can't/couldn't. Emphasizes the ongoing nature of the speculated activity.

情态完成进行式将推测与持续时间结合起来：'She must have been working all night'（我推断她一直在工作）。与must、might、may、could、can't/couldn't连用。强调推测活动的持续性质。

El modal perfecto continuo combina especulación con duración: 'She must have been working all night' (deduzco que estuvo trabajando). Se usa con must, might, may, could, can't/couldn't. Enfatiza la naturaleza continua de la actividad especulada.

モーダル完了進行形は推測と継続を組み合わせます：「She must have been working all night」（彼女は一晩中働いていたと推測する）。must、might、may、could、can't/couldn'tと一緒に使います。推測される活動の継続的な性質を強調します。

조동사 완료 진행형은 추측과 지속을 결합합니다: 'She must have been working all night' (그녀가 밤새 계속 일하고 있었다고 추론합니다). must, might, may, could, can't/couldn't와 함께 사용됩니다. 추측하는 행위의 지속적인 성격을 강조합니다.

例文

She must have been crying - her eyes are red.
她一定是哭过了——眼睛都红了。
Ella debe haber estado llorando - sus ojos están rojos.
彼女は泣いていたに違いない——目が赤い。
그녀는 울고 있었던 게 틀림없어 — 눈이 빨갛잖아.
They might have been waiting for hours.
他们可能已经等了好几个小时了。
Podrían haber estado esperando durante horas.
彼らは何時間も待っていたかもしれない。
그들은 몇 시간이나 기다리고 있었을지도 몰라.
He couldn't have been sleeping - there was so much noise.
他不可能在睡觉——噪音那么大。
Él no podría haber estado durmiendo - había tanto ruido.
彼が寝ていたはずがない——あんなに騒がしかったのに。
그가 자고 있었을 리가 없어 — 그렇게 시끄러웠는데.
You must have been expecting this.
你一定是预料到这个了。
Debes haber estado esperando esto.
これを予想していたに違いないね。
이걸 예상하고 있었던 게 틀림없겠네.

発音

使い方ガイド

場面: spoken, written, everyday

トーン: speculative

✓ 正しい言い方

He must have been working out - he looks fit.
他一定一直在锻炼——他看起来很健康。
Él debe haber estado haciendo ejercicio - se ve en forma.
彼は運動していたに違いない——健康そうに見える。
그는 운동을 해 왔음에 틀림없다 — 건강해 보인다.
They might have been discussing it for a while.
他们可能已经讨论了一会儿了。
Puede que hayan estado discutiéndolo por un rato.
彼らはしばらく議論していたかもしれない。
그들은 한동안 그것을 논의하고 있었을지도 모른다.
She can't have been listening - she looks confused.
她不可能在听——她看起来很困惑。
Ella no puede haber estado escuchando - parece confundida.
彼女は聞いていなかったはずだ——困惑しているように見える。
그녀는 듣고 있지 않았을 것이다 — 혼란스러워 보인다.
You must have been wondering what happened.
你一定一直在想发生了什么。
Debes haber estado preguntándote qué pasó.
何があったか気になっていたに違いないね。
무슨 일이 있었는지 궁금했을 것이다.
She must have been crying.
她一定一直在哭。
Ella debe haber estado llorando.
彼女は泣いていたに違いありません。
그녀는 울고 있었음에 틀림없습니다.
They must have been waiting.
他们一定一直在等。
Deben haber estado esperando.
彼らはずっと待っていたに違いありません。
그들은 계속 기다리고 있었음에 틀림없습니다.

✗ 間違った言い方

She must have being crying. (have been, not have being)
She must have being crying.（应使用have been，不是have being）
She must have being crying.（se usa have been, no have being）
She must have being crying.（have beingではなくhave beenを使う）
She must have being crying.（have being이 아니라 have been을 사용）
They must been waiting. (need 'have')
They must been waiting.（需要加'have'）
They must been waiting.（falta 'have'）
They must been waiting.（「have」が必要）
They must been waiting.（'have'가 필요）

起源と歴史

Perfect continuous infinitive with modals

文化的背景

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

このトピックの他の表現

would have + past participle ★★★★★ Hypothetical past actions or missed opportunities could have + past participle ★★★★★ Past possibilities that did not happen Modal Perfects ★★★★☆ Modal + have + past participle for past speculation or re... would rather / would sooner ★★★★☆ Expressing preferences, often contrary to expectations can't have vs mustn't have ★★★★☆ Deductions about impossible past events might have / could have (Criticism) ★★★★☆ Criticizing someone for not doing something