Linking Adverbials
Grammar Pattern
BritishAmericanAustralian
★★★★☆ Common
Formal
意味: Transitional words that connect ideas between sentences
连接句子之间想法的过渡词
Palabras de transición que conectan ideas entre oraciones
文と文の間のアイデアをつなぐ移行語
문장과 문장 사이의 아이디어를 연결하는 전환어
Linking adverbials organize discourse: addition (furthermore, moreover), contrast (however, nevertheless), cause/effect (therefore, consequently), exemplification (for instance, namely), summary (in short, overall). Usually at sentence start with comma.
连接副词组织话语：补充（furthermore, moreover）、对比（however, nevertheless）、因果（therefore, consequently）、举例（for instance, namely）、总结（in short, overall）。通常在句首后跟逗号。
Los adverbios de enlace organizan el discurso: adición (furthermore, moreover), contraste (however, nevertheless), causa/efecto (therefore, consequently), ejemplificación (for instance, namely), resumen (in short, overall). Generalmente al inicio de oración con coma.
連結副詞は談話を整理します：追加（furthermore, moreover）、対比（however, nevertheless）、因果（therefore, consequently）、例示（for instance, namely）、要約（in short, overall）。通常文頭でコンマを伴います。
연결 부사는 담화를 구성합니다: 추가(furthermore, moreover), 대조(however, nevertheless), 인과(therefore, consequently), 예시(for instance, namely), 요약(in short, overall). 보통 문장 시작에 쉼표와 함께 사용합니다.
例文
- The plan has merits. Nevertheless, it has flaws. 这个计划有优点。然而，它也有缺陷。El plan tiene méritos. Sin embargo, tiene defectos.この計画には長所があります。それにもかかわらず、欠点もあります。이 계획에는 장점이 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고, 결함이 있다.
- Costs increased; consequently, we had to cut staff. 成本增加了；因此，我们不得不裁员。Los costos aumentaron; en consecuencia, tuvimos que reducir personal.コストが増加した。その結果、人員を削減せざるを得ませんでした。비용이 증가했다. 그 결과, 인원을 감축해야 했다.
- Some issues remain—namely, funding and personnel. 一些问题仍然存在——即资金和人员问题。Algunos problemas permanecen, a saber, financiación y personal.いくつかの問題が残っています。つまり、資金と人員です。몇 가지 문제가 남아 있다—즉, 자금과 인력이다.
- In short, we need more time. 简而言之，我们需要更多时间。En resumen, necesitamos más tiempo.要するに、もっと時間が必要です。요컨대, 우리에게는 더 많은 시간이 필요하다.
発音
使い方ガイド
場面: written, academic, formal
トーン: organizing
✓ 正しい言い方
- Furthermore, the evidence suggests...此外，证据表明...Además, la evidencia sugiere...さらに、証拠は示唆している...게다가, 증거는 시사하고 있다...
- Accordingly, we made changes.因此，我们做了修改。En consecuencia, hicimos cambios.それに応じて、変更を加えた。그에 따라, 우리는 변경을 했다.
- Likewise, the second study found...同样，第二项研究发现...De manera similar, el segundo estudio encontró...同様に、2番目の研究は発見した...마찬가지로, 두 번째 연구는 발견했다...
- On the contrary, the results showed...相反，结果显示...Por el contrario, los resultados mostraron...それどころか、結果は示した...오히려 반대로, 결과는 보여주었다...
- The plan has merits; nevertheless, it has flaws.这个计划有优点；然而，它也有缺陷。El plan tiene méritos; sin embargo, tiene defectos.その計画には利点があります。それにもかかわらず、欠点もあります。그 계획에는 장점이 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 결점도 있다.
✗ 間違った言い方
- The plan has merits, nevertheless it has flaws. (need period/semicolon)The plan has merits, nevertheless it has flaws.（需要句号/分号）The plan has merits, nevertheless it has flaws. (se necesita punto o punto y coma)The plan has merits, nevertheless it has flaws.（ピリオド/セミコロンが必要）The plan has merits, nevertheless it has flaws.（마침표/세미콜론이 필요）
- Furthermore the evidence suggests... (need comma)Furthermore the evidence suggests...（需要逗号）Furthermore the evidence suggests... (se necesita coma)Furthermore the evidence suggests...（コンマが必要）Furthermore the evidence suggests...（쉼표가 필요）
起源と歴史
Discourse-level connectors
文化的背景
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
このトピックの他の表現
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Softening statements and being deliberately vague
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Words that add emphasis or attitude
be that as it may / that said
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Acknowledging a point while continuing
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