Participle Clauses (Time)
Grammar Pattern
BritishAmericanAustralian
★★★★☆ Common
Neutral
Meaning: Reducing time clauses to participles
将时间从句简化为分词
Reducir cláusulas de tiempo a participios
時の節を分詞に縮約する
시간 절을 분사로 축약하기
Time clauses can be reduced: 'While walking home, I met John' = 'While I was walking home...' '-ing' for active, being + past participle for passive. Subject must be the same.
时间从句可以简化:'While walking home, I met John' = 'While I was walking home...' 主动用'-ing',被动用'being + 过去分词'。主语必须相同。
Las cláusulas de tiempo pueden reducirse: 'While walking home, I met John' = 'While I was walking home...' '-ing' para activo, being + participio pasado para pasivo. El sujeto debe ser el mismo.
時の節は縮約できます:「While walking home, I met John」=「While I was walking home...」能動態は「-ing」、受動態は「being + 過去分詞」。主語は同じでなければなりません。
시간 절을 축약할 수 있습니다: 'While walking home, I met John' = 'While I was walking home...' 능동에는 '-ing', 수동에는 being + 과거분사를 사용합니다. 주어가 같아야 합니다.
Examples
- Walking home, I saw an accident. 走回家的路上,我看到了一起事故。Caminando a casa, vi un accidente.歩いて帰る途中、事故を目撃しました。걸어서 집에 가는 길에 사고를 목격했습니다.
- Having finished dinner, we left. 吃完晚饭后,我们离开了。Habiendo terminado la cena, nos fuimos.夕食を終えてから、出発しました。저녁 식사를 마치고 나서 출발했습니다.
- While waiting for the bus, I read a book. 等公交车的时候,我看了一本书。Mientras esperaba el autobús, leí un libro.バスを待っている間、本を読みました。버스를 기다리는 동안 책을 읽었습니다.
- After arriving, we checked in. 到达后,我们办理了入住。Después de llegar, nos registramos.到着後、チェックインしました。도착한 후 체크인했습니다.
Pronunciation
Usage Guide
Context: written, formal
Tone: concise
✓ Do Say
- Not knowing what to do, she waited.不知道该怎么办,她等着。Sin saber qué hacer, ella esperó.何をすべきか分からず、彼女は待った。어떻게 해야 할지 몰라서 그녀는 기다렸어요.
- Having heard the news, they celebrated.听到消息后,他们庆祝了。Habiendo oído la noticia, celebraron.ニュースを聞いて、彼らは祝った。소식을 듣고 그들은 축하했어요.
- Before leaving, check you have everything.离开前,检查一下你是否带齐了一切。Antes de irte, verifica que tengas todo.出発前に、全部持っているか確認して。떠나기 전에, 모든 것을 가졌는지 확인하세요.
- Walking home, I got caught in the rain.走路回家时,我被雨淋了。Caminando a casa, me agarró la lluvia.家に歩いて帰る途中、雨に降られました。걸어서 집에 가다가 비를 맞았어요.
✗ Don't Say
- Walking home, the rain started. (dangling participle - different subjects)Walking home, the rain started.(悬垂分词 - 主语不同)Walking home, the rain started. (participio colgante — sujetos diferentes)Walking home, the rain started.(懸垂分詞 - 主語が異なる)Walking home, the rain started. (현수 분사 - 주어가 다름)
Origin & History
Reduced adverbial clauses
Cultural Context
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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