there is / there are

Grammar Pattern BritishAmericanAustralian ★★★★★ Very Common Neutral
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Meaning: Used to say that something exists or to introduce new information

用于表示某物存在或引入新信息
Se usa para decir que algo existe o para introducir nueva información
何かが存在することを言う、または新しい情報を導入するために使う
무언가가 존재함을 말하거나 새로운 정보를 도입할 때 사용한다

Use 'there is' with singular and uncountable nouns, 'there are' with plural nouns. This structure introduces new information or says something exists. 'There' is a dummy subject - the real subject comes after the verb.

单数和不可数名词用'there is',复数名词用'there are'。这个结构用于引入新信息或表示某物存在。'There'是形式主语——真正的主语在动词之后。
Usa 'there is' con sustantivos singulares e incontables, 'there are' con sustantivos plurales. Esta estructura introduce información nueva o dice que algo existe. 'There' es un sujeto vacío - el sujeto real viene después del verbo.
「there is」は単数名詞と不可算名詞に、「there are」は複数名詞に使います。この構文は新しい情報を導入したり、何かが存在することを述べたりします。「There」は仮主語で、本当の主語は動詞の後に来ます。
'there is'는 단수 및 불가산 명사와 함께, 'there are'는 복수 명사와 함께 사용합니다. 이 구조는 새로운 정보를 도입하거나 무언가의 존재를 말할 때 쓰입니다. 'there'는 가주어이며 진주어는 동사 뒤에 옵니다.

Examples

  1. There is a book on the table.' (singular)
    桌子上有一本书。'(单数)
    Hay un libro en la mesa.' (singular)
    テーブルの上に本があります。'(単数)
    테이블 위에 책이 있습니다.' (단수)
  2. There are three cats in the garden.' (plural)
    花园里有三只猫。'(复数)
    Hay tres gatos en el jardín.' (plural)
    庭に猫が3匹います。'(複数)
    정원에 고양이가 세 마리 있습니다.' (복수)
  3. There is some milk in the fridge.' (uncountable)
    冰箱里有一些牛奶。'(不可数)
    Hay leche en el refrigerador.' (incontable)
    冷蔵庫に牛乳があります。'(不可算)
    냉장고에 우유가 있습니다.' (불가산)
  4. Is there a problem?' (question form)
    有问题吗?'(疑问句)
    ¿Hay algún problema?' (forma de pregunta)
    問題がありますか?'(疑問形)
    문제가 있나요?' (의문형)

Pronunciation

Usage Guide

Context: spoken, written, everyday

Tone: descriptive

✓ Do Say

  • There is a meeting tomorrow.
    明天有个会议。
    Hay una reunión mañana.
    明日会議があります。
    내일 회의가 있습니다.
  • There are many people here.
    这里有很多人。
    Hay mucha gente aquí.
    ここにはたくさんの人がいます。
    여기에 사람이 많습니다.
  • Is there any coffee?
    有咖啡吗?
    ¿Hay café?
    コーヒーはありますか?
    커피 있나요?
  • There isn't enough time.
    时间不够了。
    No hay suficiente tiempo.
    時間が足りません。
    시간이 충분하지 않습니다.
  • There is a book on the table.
    桌子上有一本书。
    Hay un libro en la mesa.
    テーブルの上に本があります。
    테이블 위에 책이 있습니다.
  • There are many people.
    有很多人。
    Hay mucha gente.
    たくさんの人がいます。
    사람이 많습니다.
  • There is a problem.
    有一个问题。
    Hay un problema.
    問題があります。
    문제가 있습니다.

✗ Don't Say

  • It is a book on the table. (use 'there is')
    It is a book on the table.(应用'there is')
    It is a book on the table. (se usa 'there is')
    It is a book on the table.(「there is」を使う)
    It is a book on the table. ('there is'를 사용)
  • There is many people. (use 'there are')
    There is many people.(应用'there are')
    There is many people. (se usa 'there are')
    There is many people.(「there are」を使う)
    There is many people. ('there are'를 사용)
  • There are a problem. (use 'there is')
    There are a problem.(应用'there is')
    There are a problem. (se usa 'there is')
    There are a problem.(「there is」を使う)
    There are a problem. ('there is'를 사용)

Origin & History

Existential construction in English

Cultural Context

Era: Modern

Generation: All ages

Social background: Universal

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Basic Word Order (SVO) ★★★★★ English sentences follow Subject-Verb-Object order Object Pronouns ★★★★★ me, you, him, her, it, us, them It (weather & time) ★★★★★ Using 'it' as subject for weather, time, and distance at (Time) ★★★★★ Used for specific times and moments in (Time) ★★★★★ Used for longer periods and future time on (Time) ★★★★★ Used for days and dates
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