Third Person -s/-es
Grammar Pattern
BritishAmericanAustralian
★★★★★ Very Common
Neutral
Meaning: Adding -s or -es to verbs for he/she/it in present simple
现在简单时中,第三人称单数动词需要加-s或-es
Añadir -s o -es a los verbos para él/ella/ello en presente simple
現在形で三人称単数の動詞に-s/-esをつける
현재 시제에서 he/she/it에 동사 -s 또는 -es 붙이기
In present simple, add -s to most verbs for third person singular (he/she/it). Add -es after s, sh, ch, x, o. Change -y to -ies after consonants. 'Have' becomes 'has'. This is one of the most common errors for learners.
在一般现在时中,第三人称单数(he/she/it)的动词要加-s。以s、sh、ch、x、o结尾的动词加-es。辅音字母后的-y变为-ies。'have'变成'has'。这是学习者最常犯的错误之一。
En presente simple, añade -s a la mayoría de los verbos para la tercera persona del singular (él/ella). Añade -es después de s, sh, ch, x, o. Cambia -y a -ies después de consonantes. 'Have' se convierte en 'has'. Este es uno de los errores más comunes para los estudiantes.
現在形では、三人称単数(he/she/it)のほとんどの動詞に-sを付けます。s、sh、ch、x、oの後には-esを付けます。子音の後の-yは-iesに変わります。「have」は「has」になります。これは学習者にとって最も一般的なミスの一つです。
현재 시제에서 3인칭 단수(he/she/it)는 대부분의 동사에 -s를 붙입니다. s, sh, ch, x, o 뒤에는 -es를 붙입니다. 자음 뒤의 -y는 -ies로 바꿉니다. 'have'는 'has'가 됩니다. 이것은 학습자가 가장 많이 하는 실수 중 하나입니다.
Examples
- She works in a bank.' (work → works) 她在银行工作。'(work → works)Ella trabaja en un banco.' (work → works)彼女は銀行で働いています。'(work → works)그녀는 은행에서 일합니다.' (work → works)
- He watches TV every evening.' (watch → watches) 他每天晚上看电视。'(watch → watches)Él ve la televisión todas las noches.' (watch → watches)彼は毎晩テレビを見ます。'(watch → watches)그는 매일 저녁 TV를 봅니다.' (watch → watches)
- It goes fast.' (go → goes) 它走得很快。'(go → goes)Va rápido.' (go → goes)それは速く進みます。'(go → goes)그것은 빠르게 움직입니다.' (go → goes)
- She studies hard.' (study → studies) 她学习很努力。'(study → studies)Ella estudia mucho.' (study → studies)彼女は一生懸命勉強します。'(study → studies)그녀는 열심히 공부합니다.' (study → studies)
Pronunciation
Usage Guide
Context: spoken, written, everyday
Tone: descriptive
✓ Do Say
- He likes pizza.他喜欢披萨。A él le gusta la pizza.彼はピザが好きです。그는 피자를 좋아합니다.
- She has a car.她有一辆车。Ella tiene un coche.彼女は車を持っています。그녀는 차가 있습니다.
- It costs ten pounds.这个要十英镑。Cuesta diez libras.10ポンドかかります。10파운드입니다.
- My sister lives in Paris.我姐姐住在巴黎。Mi hermana vive en París.私の姉はパリに住んでいます。내 언니는 파리에 살고 있습니다.
- He works here.他在这里工作。Él trabaja aquí.彼はここで働いています。그는 여기서 일합니다.
- It goes fast.它速度很快。Va rápido.それは速く進みます。그것은 빠릅니다.
✗ Don't Say
- He like pizza. (missing -s)He like披萨。(缺少-s)He like pizza. (falta la -s)He likeピザ。(-sが欠けている)He like 피자. (-s가 빠짐)
- She have a car. (has, not have)She have一辆车。(应该用has)She have a car. (lo correcto es has, no have)She have車を持っている。(hasが正しい)She have 차를 가지고 있다. (has가 맞음)
- He work here. (missing -s)He work在这里。(缺少-s)He work here. (falta la -s)He workここで働いている。(-sが欠けている)He work 여기서 일한다. (-s가 빠짐)
- It go fast. (goes, not go)It go得很快。(应该用goes)It go fast. (lo correcto es goes, no go)It go速い。(goesが正しい)It go 빠르다. (goes가 맞음)
Origin & History
Subject-verb agreement rule
Cultural Context
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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