piezoelectric
Significado: Relating to the generation of an electric charge in certain materials when mechanical stress is applied, or conversely, the deformation of such materials when an electric field is applied.
Piezoelectric materials — notably quartz, certain ceramics, and some polymers — are found in an enormous range of applications, from quartz watches and ultrasound scanners to inkjet printer heads and lighters. The piezoelectric effect is reversible: pressure generates voltage, and voltage generates movement. In energy research, piezoelectric harvesting (generating electricity from vibrations or footsteps) is an active area of investigation. The term is strictly technical and appears in materials science, engineering, and physics literature.
Ejemplos
- Piezoelectric sensors embedded in the road surface can measure traffic volume by detecting the pressure of passing vehicles. 嵌入路面的压电传感器可以通过检测过往车辆的压力来测量交通流量。Los sensores piezoeléctricos integrados en la superficie de la calzada pueden medir el volumen de tráfico detectando la presión de los vehículos que pasan.路面に埋め込まれた圧電センサーは、通過する車両の圧力を検知して交通量を測定できる。도로 표면에 매립된 압전 센서는 통과 차량의 압력을 감지하여 교통량을 측정할 수 있다.
- The precision of quartz watches relies on the piezoelectric properties of a small crystal oscillating at a stable frequency. 石英表的精确度依赖于一块小晶体以稳定频率振荡的压电特性。La precisión de los relojes de cuarzo se basa en las propiedades piezoeléctricas de un pequeño cristal que oscila a una frecuencia estable.クォーツ時計の精度は、小さな水晶が安定した周波数で振動する圧電特性に依存している。쿼츠 시계의 정밀도는 작은 수정이 안정된 주파수로 진동하는 압전 특성에 의존한다.
- Researchers are exploring piezoelectric materials that could harvest energy from the vibrations of railway tracks. 研究人员正在探索可以从铁路轨道振动中收集能量的压电材料。Los investigadores están estudiando materiales piezoeléctricos capaces de captar energía de las vibraciones de las vías férreas.研究者たちは、鉄道線路の振動からエネルギーを回収できる圧電材料を研究している。연구자들은 철도 선로의 진동에서 에너지를 회수할 수 있는 압전 재료를 탐구하고 있다.
Pronunciación
Guía de uso
Contexto: scientific, academic
Tono: neutral
Origen e historia
From Greek piezein (to squeeze, press) + electric (from Greek elektron, amber). Coined by the Curie brothers, Jacques and Pierre, who discovered the effect in 1880.
Contexto cultural
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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