penal
Significado: Relating to or prescribing the punishment of offenders under the legal system; extremely severe.
Penal is primarily a legal term relating to punishment and the criminal justice system. 'The penal code,' 'penal reform,' 'penal colony,' and 'penal system' are standard collocations. In informal British English, it can also mean excessively harsh — 'the penal cost of living in London.' The word is more formal than 'criminal' and specifically focuses on the punishment aspect of the justice system rather than the offending aspect.
Ejemplos
- The penal code was reformed to bring sentencing guidelines in line with modern standards. 刑法典经过改革,使量刑准则与现代标准接轨。El código penal se reformó para adecuar las directrices de imposición de penas a los estándares modernos.量刑指針を現代の基準に合わせるため、刑法典が改正された。양형 기준을 현대적 기준에 맞추기 위해 형법전이 개정되었다.
- Campaigners have long argued that the penal system should focus more on rehabilitation than punishment. 社会运动者长期以来主张刑罚制度应更注重改过自新而非惩罚。Los activistas llevan mucho tiempo argumentando que el sistema penal debería centrarse más en la rehabilitación que en el castigo.運動家たちは長年にわたり、刑罰制度は罰よりも更生に重点を置くべきだと主張してきた。운동가들은 오랫동안 형벌 제도가 처벌보다 갱생에 더 중점을 두어야 한다고 주장해 왔다.
- The penal rates charged on unauthorised overdrafts left many customers in serious financial difficulty. 对未经授权的透支收取的惩罚性利率使许多客户陷入严重的财务困境。Los tipos penalizadores aplicados a los descubiertos no autorizados dejaron a muchos clientes en graves dificultades económicas.未承認の当座貸越に対する懲罰的な金利が、多くの顧客を深刻な経済的困難に追い込んだ。미승인 당좌 대월에 대한 징벌적 금리가 많은 고객을 심각한 재정적 곤란에 빠뜨렸다.
Pronunciación
Guía de uso
Contexto: legal, academic, media
Tono: neutral
Origen e historia
From Old French penal, from Latin poenalis (pertaining to punishment), from poena (punishment, penalty), from Greek poine (penalty, fine). The same root gives us 'penalty,' 'penance,' and 'punitive.'
Contexto cultural
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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