deconstruct
Significado: To analyse something by examining its component parts and underlying assumptions, often in order to expose hidden biases, contradictions, or power structures.
Deconstruct originates in the philosophical method of Jacques Derrida, who argued that texts contain internal contradictions that undermine their apparent meaning. In academic humanities, deconstruction is a rigorous analytical practice. In journalism and everyday speech, however, 'deconstruct' has broadened to mean simply 'analyse in detail' or 'take apart intellectually' — a usage that would make Derrida wince. The word is now common in cultural criticism, cookery (a 'deconstructed' dish), and political commentary.
Ejemplos
- The literary critic proceeded to deconstruct the novel's apparently straightforward narrative, revealing layers of colonial anxiety. 这位文学批评家着手解构该小说表面上简单直白的叙事,揭示出层层殖民焦虑。El crítico literario procedió a deconstruir la narración aparentemente sencilla de la novela, revelando capas de ansiedad colonial.その文学批評家は小説の一見分かりやすい物語を脱構築し、植民地的不安の層を明らかにした。그 문학 비평가는 소설의 겉보기에 단순한 서사를 해체하여 식민지적 불안의 층위를 드러냈다.
- The panel spent an hour deconstructing the prime minister's speech, examining every rhetorical device. 小组成员花了一个小时解构首相的演讲,审视每一种修辞手法。El panel dedicó una hora a deconstruir el discurso del primer ministro, examinando cada recurso retórico.パネリストたちは1時間かけて首相の演説を脱構築し、あらゆるレトリック的手法を検証した。패널들은 한 시간에 걸쳐 수상의 연설을 해체하며 모든 수사적 기법을 분석했다.
- The restaurant served a deconstructed cheesecake — crumbled biscuit, cream, and coulis arranged separately on the plate. 这家餐厅供应一道解构式芝士蛋糕——碎饼干、奶油和果酱分别摆放在盘中。El restaurante servía una tarta de queso deconstruida: galleta desmenuzada, crema y coulis dispuestos por separado en el plato.そのレストランは脱構築されたチーズケーキを出した——砕いたビスケット、クリーム、クーリが皿の上に別々に並べられていた。그 레스토랑은 해체된 치즈케이크를 내놓았다 — 부순 비스킷, 크림, 쿨리가 접시 위에 따로따로 배열되어 있었다.
Pronunciación
Guía de uso
Contexto: academic, journalism, general
Tono: neutral
Origen e historia
Coined in the 1970s from de- (reversal) + construct, as a translation of French déconstruction, the method developed by philosopher Jacques Derrida. The looser general sense emerged in the 1990s.
Contexto cultural
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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