catalysis
Significado: The acceleration of a chemical reaction by a substance (a catalyst) that is not itself consumed in the process.
Catalysis is essential to both industrial chemistry and biological processes — enzymes are biological catalysts that enable the reactions sustaining life. 'Enzyme catalysis,' 'heterogeneous catalysis,' 'catalytic converter,' and 'catalytic reaction' are standard collocations. In industry, catalytic processes are used in petroleum refining, ammonia production, and the manufacture of plastics. The related noun 'catalyst' is widely used figuratively to mean something that triggers or accelerates change.
Ejemplos
- Catalysis plays a vital role in the petrochemical industry, where catalysts speed up the cracking of crude oil into useful products. 催化在石油化工行业中发挥着至关重要的作用,催化剂加速了原油裂化为有用产品的过程。La catálisis desempeña un papel vital en la industria petroquímica, donde los catalizadores aceleran el craqueo del crudo para obtener productos útiles.触媒作用は石油化学産業で不可欠な役割を果たしており、触媒が原油を有用な製品に分解するクラッキングを加速させる。촉매 작용은 석유화학 산업에서 필수적인 역할을 하며, 촉매가 원유를 유용한 제품으로 분해하는 크래킹을 가속시킨다.
- The discovery of enzyme catalysis transformed our understanding of how biochemical reactions proceed at body temperature. 酶催化的发现改变了我们对生化反应如何在体温下进行的认识。El descubrimiento de la catálisis enzimática transformó nuestra comprensión de cómo las reacciones bioquímicas se producen a temperatura corporal.酵素触媒の発見は、体温で生化学反応がどのように進行するかについての理解を一変させた。효소 촉매의 발견은 체온에서 생화학 반응이 어떻게 진행되는지에 대한 이해를 혁신적으로 바꾸었다.
- Research into catalysis has led to more efficient industrial processes that reduce energy consumption and waste. 催化研究已带来更高效的工业过程,减少了能源消耗和废弃物排放。La investigación en catálisis ha dado lugar a procesos industriales más eficientes que reducen el consumo de energía y los residuos.触媒研究は、エネルギー消費と廃棄物を削減する、より効率的な工業プロセスをもたらした。촉매 연구는 에너지 소비와 폐기물을 줄이는 보다 효율적인 산업 공정을 가능하게 했다.
Pronunciación
Guía de uso
Contexto: academic, professional
Tono: neutral
Origen e historia
From Greek katalysis (dissolution), from katalyein (to dissolve), from kata- (down) + lyein (to loosen). The chemical sense was introduced by the Swedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius in 1835.
Contexto cultural
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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