bosons
Significado: A class of subatomic particles that obey Bose-Einstein statistics and have integer spin values. Bosons include force-carrying particles such as photons, gluons, and the W and Z bosons, as well as the famous Higgs boson.
Bosons are distinguished from fermions (which make up matter) by their statistical behaviour — unlike fermions, multiple bosons can occupy the same quantum state simultaneously. The discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN in 2012 was one of the most celebrated scientific achievements of the 21st century, generating enormous media coverage and bringing the term into public consciousness. The Higgs boson is sometimes called the 'God particle' in popular science writing, a nickname physicists generally dislike.
Ejemplos
- The discovery of the Higgs boson at CERN in 2012 confirmed the existence of the field that gives particles their mass. 2012年欧洲核子研究中心发现希格斯玻色子,证实了赋予粒子质量的场的存在。El descubrimiento del bosón de Higgs en el CERN en 2012 confirmó la existencia del campo que confiere masa a las partículas.2012年にCERNでヒッグス粒子が発見されたことにより、粒子に質量を与える場の存在が確認された。2012년 CERN에서 힉스 보손이 발견됨으로써, 입자에 질량을 부여하는 장의 존재가 확인되었다.
- Photons are bosons that mediate the electromagnetic force between charged particles. 光子是介导带电粒子之间电磁力的玻色子。Los fotones son bosones que median la fuerza electromagnética entre partículas cargadas.光子は帯電粒子間の電磁力を媒介するボソンである。광자는 대전 입자 간의 전자기력을 매개하는 보손이다.
- The behaviour of bosons at extremely low temperatures gives rise to exotic states of matter such as Bose-Einstein condensates. 玻色子在极低温度下的行为产生了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态等奇异物质状态。El comportamiento de los bosones a temperaturas extremadamente bajas da lugar a estados exóticos de la materia como los condensados de Bose-Einstein.極低温におけるボソンの振る舞いは、ボーズ=アインシュタイン凝縮などの特異な物質状態を生み出す。극저온에서의 보손의 거동은 보스-아인슈타인 응축과 같은 특이한 물질 상태를 만들어 낸다.
Pronunciación
Guía de uso
Contexto: scientific, academic
Tono: neutral
Origen e historia
Named after the Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose, whose work on quantum statistics in the 1920s, later developed with Einstein, described the behaviour of this class of particles. The suffix -on follows the standard particle physics naming convention.
Contexto cultural
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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