austerity
Significado: Strict economic measures implemented by a government to reduce public spending and budget deficits; a state of enforced simplicity and reduced expenditure.
Austerity policies typically involve cutting government services, raising taxes, and reducing public sector wages and benefits. The term became particularly prominent in the UK following the 2008 financial crisis, when the coalition government implemented deep spending cuts. 'Austerity measures' is a common collocation. The word also carries broader connotations of severity and self-denial.
Ejemplos
- Years of austerity have left public services severely underfunded. 多年的紧缩政策使公共服务严重资金不足。Años de austeridad han dejado los servicios públicos gravemente infrafinanciados.長年の緊縮財政により、公共サービスは深刻な資金不足に陥っている。수년간의 긴축 재정으로 인해 공공 서비스가 심각한 재정 부족에 시달리고 있다.
- The government's austerity programme included deep cuts to welfare spending and local authority budgets. 政府的紧缩计划包括大幅削减福利支出和地方政府预算。El programa de austeridad del gobierno incluyó profundos recortes en el gasto social y en los presupuestos de las autoridades locales.政府の緊縮プログラムには、福祉支出と地方自治体の予算の大幅削減が含まれていた。정부의 긴축 프로그램에는 복지 지출과 지방자치단체 예산의 대폭 삭감이 포함되어 있었다.
- Post-war austerity in Britain meant rationing continued well into the 1950s. 战后英国的紧缩时期意味着配给制一直持续到20世纪50年代。La austeridad de posguerra en Gran Bretaña supuso que el racionamiento continuara hasta bien entrada la década de 1950.戦後イギリスの緊縮期は、1950年代に入っても配給制が続いたことを意味していた。전후 영국의 긴축 시기에는 1950년대까지도 배급제가 계속되었다.
Pronunciación
Guía de uso
Contexto: professional, media, academic
Tono: neutral
Origen e historia
From Old French austerité, from Latin austeritas (harshness, severity), from austerus (harsh, severe), from Greek austeros (bitter, harsh). Entered English in the 14th century.
Contexto cultural
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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