atherosclerosis
Significado: A chronic condition in which fatty deposits (plaques) build up on the inner walls of arteries, narrowing and hardening them, restricting blood flow and increasing the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Atherosclerosis is the underlying cause of most cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of death in the UK. The process develops over decades: cholesterol, calcium, and inflammatory cells accumulate beneath the artery lining, forming plaques that can rupture and trigger blood clots. Risk factors include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and a sedentary lifestyle. It is distinct from arteriosclerosis, a broader term for any hardening of the arteries. The term collocates with 'coronary,' 'plaque,' 'progression,' and 'risk.'
Ejemplos
- Post-mortem examination revealed severe atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries, consistent with years of uncontrolled hypertension. 尸检显示冠状动脉严重粥样硬化,与多年未控制的高血压状况一致。La autopsia reveló una aterosclerosis grave de las arterias coronarias, compatible con años de hipertensión no controlada.剖検では冠動脈の重度の動脈硬化が認められ、長年の未管理の高血圧と一致する所見であった。부검 결과 관상동맥의 심한 동맥경화가 확인되었으며, 이는 장기간 관리되지 않은 고혈압과 일치하는 소견이었다.
- Public health campaigns aimed at reducing smoking have contributed to a significant decline in atherosclerosis-related deaths since the 1970s. 旨在减少吸烟的公共卫生运动对自20世纪70年代以来动脉粥样硬化相关死亡率的大幅下降做出了重要贡献。Las campañas de salud pública encaminadas a reducir el tabaquismo han contribuido a un descenso significativo de las muertes relacionadas con la aterosclerosis desde la década de 1970.喫煙率低下を目指す公衆衛生キャンペーンは、1970年代以降の動脈硬化関連死亡率の大幅な減少に貢献してきた。금연을 목표로 한 공중보건 캠페인은 1970년대 이후 동맥경화 관련 사망률의 현저한 감소에 기여해 왔다.
- The study used carotid ultrasound to detect early signs of atherosclerosis in apparently healthy middle-aged volunteers. 该研究使用颈动脉超声检测表面健康的中年志愿者动脉粥样硬化的早期迹象。El estudio empleó ecografía carotídea para detectar signos tempranos de aterosclerosis en voluntarios de mediana edad aparentemente sanos.その研究は、外見上健康な中年のボランティアの動脈硬化の初期兆候を検出するために頸動脈超音波検査を用いた。그 연구는 외견상 건강한 중년 자원봉사자의 동맥경화 초기 징후를 검출하기 위해 경동맥 초음파를 사용했다.
Pronunciación
Guía de uso
Contexto: academic, professional
Tono: neutral
Origen e historia
From Greek athērē (gruel, porridge) — describing the soft, fatty core of plaques — and sklērōsis (hardening), from sklēros (hard). Coined by the pathologist Felix Marchand in 1904.
Contexto cultural
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
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