altruistic
Significado: Showing a selfless concern for the wellbeing of others, often at a cost or disadvantage to oneself.
Altruistic behaviour is motivated by genuine concern for others rather than by expectation of reward. The term is used across philosophy, psychology, and evolutionary biology, where 'altruism' presents a theoretical puzzle: why would organisms act against their own survival interests? Common collocations include 'altruistic motives,' 'purely altruistic,' and 'altruistic act.' In everyday usage, it carries strongly positive connotations.
Ejemplos
- Her decision to donate a kidney to a stranger was widely described as an altruistic act of extraordinary courage. 她决定向一位陌生人捐献肾脏,被广泛称为一种非凡勇气的利他行为。Su decisión de donar un riñón a un desconocido fue ampliamente descrita como un acto altruista de extraordinario valor.見知らぬ人に腎臓を提供するという彼女の決断は、並外れた勇気ある利他的行為として広く称された。낯선 사람에게 신장을 기증하겠다는 그녀의 결정은 비범한 용기를 지닌 이타적 행위로 널리 묘사되었다.
- The debate over whether truly altruistic behaviour exists has occupied moral philosophers for centuries. 关于真正的利他行为是否存在的争论已经困扰了道德哲学家数个世纪。El debate sobre si el comportamiento verdaderamente altruista existe ha ocupado a los filósofos morales durante siglos.真に利他的な行動が存在するかどうかという議論は、何世紀にもわたって道徳哲学者たちを悩ませてきた。진정으로 이타적인 행동이 존재하는지에 대한 논쟁은 수세기 동안 도덕 철학자들의 관심을 끌어왔다.
- Evolutionary biologists have proposed kin selection as one mechanism by which altruistic traits might be favoured by natural selection. 进化生物学家提出了亲缘选择作为自然选择可能青睐利他特质的一种机制。Los biólogos evolucionistas han propuesto la selección por parentesco como un mecanismo por el que la selección natural podría favorecer los rasgos altruistas.進化生物学者たちは、自然選択が利他的形質を有利にしうるメカニズムの一つとして血縁選択を提唱している。진화생물학자들은 자연선택이 이타적 형질을 유리하게 만들 수 있는 메커니즘 중 하나로 혈연선택을 제안했다.
Pronunciación
Guía de uso
Contexto: academic, journalism, professional
Tono: neutral
Origen e historia
Coined by the French philosopher Auguste Comte in the 1830s from the Italian 'altrui' (of or to others), derived from Latin 'alter' (other). It entered English in the mid-19th century as the antonym of 'egoistic.'
Contexto cultural
Era: Modern
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
Más de este tema
More from General Advanced
Tarjetas, cuestionarios, audio y repetición espaciada — todo gratis