謙遜
Significado: Humility; deliberately downplaying your own abilities, achievements, or worth as a social courtesy.
謙遜 is deeply embedded in Japanese social behaviour. When complimented, the expected response is to deflect rather than accept — いえいえ、まだまだです (No, no, I still have a long way to go). While valued as a virtue, excessive 謙遜 can frustrate colleagues and be seen as false modesty. The line between genuine humility and performative self-deprecation is a frequent topic of social discussion.
Ejemplos
- 謙遜しすぎて逆に嫌味に聞こえることあるよね。 谦虚过头了反而让人觉得是在凡尔赛。A veces ser demasiado humilde suena a falsa modestia, ¿no?너무 겸손하면 오히려 비꼬는 것처럼 들릴 때가 있지.
- 日本人は謙遜するのが当たり前だけど、海外では通じないことがある。 日本人觉得谦虚理所当然,但在国外有时候行不通。Para los japoneses la humildad es lo normal, pero en el extranjero a veces no se entiende.일본인은 겸손하는 게 당연하지만, 해외에서는 통하지 않을 때가 있어.
- 褒められても謙遜しちゃうのは日本人の癖だよね。 被夸了也总是谦虚,这是日本人的习惯吧。Quitarle importancia a los elogios es una costumbre muy japonesa, ¿verdad?칭찬받아도 겸손해 버리는 건 일본인의 습관이야.
Pronunciación
/keɴ.soɴ/
Guía de uso
Contexto: compliments, self-introduction, cultural discussion, workplace
Tono: modest, self-effacing
✓ Correcto
- 謙遜しないで、本当にすごいんだから (Don't be modest — you're truly amazing)别谦虚了,你是真的很厉害(Don't be modest — you're truly amazing)No seas tan modesto/a, de verdad que eres increíble.겸손하지 마, 정말 대단한 거니까 (Don't be modest — you're truly amazing)
- 日本人の謙遜は海外だと自信がないように見えることがある (Japanese modesty can look like lack of confidence overseas)日本人的谦虚在国外有时候会被看成缺乏自信(Japanese modesty can look like lack of confidence overseas)La modestia japonesa puede parecer falta de confianza en el extranjero.일본식 겸손은 해외에서 자신감이 없어 보일 수 있어 (Japanese modesty can look like lack of confidence overseas)
✗ Incorrecto
- 明らかにすごい人に「謙遜しすぎ」と何度も言うのはしつこい (Repeatedly telling someone obviously talented to 'stop being modest' gets annoying)对明显很优秀的人反复说'你别再谦虚了'会很烦人(Repeatedly telling someone obviously talented to 'stop being modest' gets annoying)Repetirle insistentemente a alguien claramente brillante «deja ya de ser tan modesto/a» acaba siendo pesado.분명히 대단한 사람한테 '겸손 그만해'라고 계속 말하면 귀찮아진다 (Repeatedly telling someone obviously talented to 'stop being modest' gets annoying)
Errores comunes
- Taking Japanese 謙遜 literally — when someone says まだまだです (I'm still not good enough), they may actually be quite skilled
- Not practising any 謙遜 in Japanese social settings — directly accepting compliments can seem arrogant
Origen e historia
From Chinese 謙遜 (modesty/humility). 謙 (humble/modest) + 遜 (modest/inferior). A core Confucian virtue that became deeply integrated into Japanese social behaviour, reinforced by Buddhist teachings on ego.
Contexto cultural
Era: Confucian/Buddhist origins, deeply embedded in social behaviour
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
Regional notes: Used across all of Japan. The expectation to show 謙遜 when complimented is one of the most characteristic Japanese social behaviours.
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