自業自得
Significado: You reap what you sow — the consequences of your own actions coming back to you.
A Buddhist-origin four-character idiom expressing the concept of karmic consequences. In modern usage, it is a blunt way of saying 'serves you right' or 'you brought this on yourself.' While originally a neutral Buddhist teaching about cause and effect, in everyday conversation it almost always carries a judgmental or scolding tone. It is used when someone suffers the predictable consequences of their own poor choices.
Ejemplos
- 試験勉強しなかったんだから不合格は自業自得でしょ。 考试不复习，不及格就是自作自受吧。Si no estudiaste para el examen, suspender es culpa tuya y de nadie más.시험 공부 안 했으니까 불합격은 자업자득이지.
- 浮気してバレたんだから自業自得だよ。 出轨被发现了那就是自作自受啊。Si te pillaron siendo infiel, te lo has buscado tú solito.바람 피우다 들켰으니 자업자득이야.
- 寝坊して電車に乗り遅れたのは完全に自業自得だ。 睡过头赶不上电车，完全是自作自受。Quedarse dormido y perder el tren es total y absolutamente culpa tuya.늦잠 자서 기차 놓친 건 완전 자업자득이다.
Pronunciación
/dʑi.goː.dʑi.to.ku/
Guía de uso
Contexto: friends, everyday conversation, social media
Tono: judgmental, blunt
✓ Correcto
- 約束破ったんだから嫌われるのは自業自得 (You broke your promise, so being disliked is your own fault)你自己违背了承诺，被讨厌也是自作自受（You broke your promise, so being disliked is your own fault）Rompiste tu promesa, así que caer mal es culpa tuya (You broke your promise, so being disliked is your own fault)약속을 어겼으니 미움받는 건 자업자득이야 (약속을 어겼으니 싫어하는 건 당연해)
- 自業自得だけどちょっとかわいそうだね (It's self-inflicted, but I do feel a bit sorry for them)虽然是自作自受，但还是有点可怜（It's self-inflicted, but I do feel a bit sorry for them）Se lo ha buscado él, pero da un poco de pena (It's self-inflicted, but I do feel a bit sorry for them)자업자득이긴 한데 좀 불쌍하긴 하다 (자업자득이긴 하지만 조금 안됐긴 해)
✗ Incorrecto
- 災害の被害者に「自業自得」は絶対に言わない (Never say 'you reap what you sow' to disaster victims)绝对不能对灾害受害者说'自作自受'（Never say 'you reap what you sow' to disaster victims）Jamás le digas «te lo has buscado» a víctimas de una catástrofe (Never say 'you reap what you sow' to disaster victims)재해 피해자에게 '자업자득'이라고 절대 말하면 안 된다 (재난 피해자에게 '뿌린 대로 거둔 것'이라고 절대 하지 않는다)
Errores comunes
- Using 自業自得 toward people facing situations beyond their control — it should only apply to self-caused problems
- Not understanding the Buddhist origin and using it too casually in serious conversations
Origen e historia
From Buddhist philosophy where 業 (gō/karma) refers to the moral consequences of one's actions. The compound literally means 'one's own deeds, one's own gain,' reflecting the idea that actions inevitably produce fitting results.
Contexto cultural
Era: Buddhist origin, universally used in modern Japanese
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal
Regional notes: Used across all of Japan. One of the most commonly used four-character idioms in daily conversation.
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