貧困
Significado: Poverty; serious financial hardship and inability to meet basic living needs.
Once a taboo topic in 'middle-class Japan,' 貧困 entered mainstream discourse as relative poverty rates climbed. The conversation expanded to include 子どもの貧困 (child poverty), 女性の貧困 (women's poverty), and 見えない貧困 (invisible poverty). Media coverage and documentaries brought attention to the reality that Japan's reputation as a uniformly wealthy nation masks significant pockets of deprivation.
Ejemplos
- 貧困問題って身近にあるのに見えにくいのが怖いよね。 贫困问题明明就在身边却不容易被看到，这一点很可怕。Da miedo que el problema de la pobreza esté tan cerca y sea tan difícil de ver, ¿verdad?빈곤 문제가 가까이에 있는데 잘 안 보이는 게 무섭지.
- 子どもの貧困対策として子ども食堂が全国に広がってる。 作为解决儿童贫困的对策，儿童食堂在全国推广开来了。Como medida contra la pobreza infantil, los comedores para niños se están extendiendo por todo el país.아동 빈곤 대책으로 어린이 식당이 전국에 퍼지고 있어.
- シングルマザーの貧困率の高さは深刻な社会問題だと思う。 单亲妈妈的高贫困率，我认为是严重的社会问题。Creo que la alta tasa de pobreza entre las madres solteras es un problema social muy grave.한부모 가정의 높은 빈곤율은 심각한 사회 문제라고 생각해.
Pronunciación
/çiɴ.koɴ/
Guía de uso
Contexto: news, social issues, social media
Tono: serious, empathetic
✓ Correcto
- 貧困は自己責任じゃないって、もっと社会が理解すべき。 (Society needs to understand that poverty isn't just personal responsibility.)贫困不是自我责任，社会应该更多地理解这一点。（社会需要认识到贫困不仅仅是个人责任。）La sociedad debería entender más que la pobreza no es solo cuestión de responsabilidad individual.빈곤은 자기 책임이 아니라는 걸 사회가 더 이해해야 해. (빈곤이 개인의 탓이 아니라는 걸 사회가 더 알아야 해.)
- 相対的貧困って見た目では分からないから気づきにくい。 (Relative poverty is hard to notice because it's not visible on the surface.)相对贫困从外表看不出来，所以很难察觉。（相对贫困表面上看不出来，因此很难被注意到。）La pobreza relativa es difícil de detectar porque no se ve a simple vista.상대적 빈곤은 겉모습으로는 모르니까 알아채기 어려워. (상대적 빈곤은 겉으로 안 보여서 인식하기 힘들어.)
✗ Incorrecto
- 冗談で「貧困」を使うのは不適切 — joking about poverty trivializes a serious issue affecting millions拿'贫困'开玩笑是不恰当的——拿贫困开玩笑是在轻视影响数百万人的严重问题Bromear con la pobreza banaliza un problema grave que afecta a millones de personas농담으로 '貧困'을 쓰는 건 부적절하다 — 빈곤을 가볍게 농담거리로 삼으면 수백만 명에게 영향을 미치는 심각한 문제를 경시하게 된다
Errores comunes
- Confusing 貧困 (genuine poverty/hardship) with 金欠 (temporarily broke) or 貧乏 (general poorness) — 貧困 is the most serious term
Origen e historia
From 貧 (poor) + 困 (troubled, distressed). A classical Sino-Japanese compound that gained renewed social significance from the 2000s as media began covering Japan's hidden poverty, particularly after the 2008 financial crisis exposed structural inequality.
Contexto cultural
Era: Classical term, renewed social relevance from 2000s
Generation: All ages in social discourse
Social background: Discussed across all classes
Regional notes: Used nationwide. Japan's relative poverty rate of approximately 15% is among the highest in developed nations, contradicting its image as uniformly middle-class.
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