デブ
Significado: Fat, overweight — a blunt and rude insult about someone's body size.
デブ is a crude, direct term for someone who is overweight. While it's considered rude when directed at others, many Japanese people use it in self-deprecating humour (自分のことデブって言う). The word exists in a culture where being thin is strongly valued and body-shaming, while criticised, remains common. The boundary between light self-deprecation and harmful insult depends heavily on context and who is speaking.
Ejemplos
- 最近デブになったから、ダイエットしないと。 最近胖了，得减肥了。Últimamente he engordado, así que tengo que ponerme a dieta.최근 살쪄서(デブになった) 다이어트해야 해.
- デブって言わないで、ぽっちゃりって言って。 别说我胖，说我微胖。No me digas 'gordo', dime 'rellenito'.デブ(뚱뚱하다)라고 하지 말고, 통통하다(ぽっちゃり)고 해줘.
- 自分のことデブって言うのは自虐ネタとして成立するけど、人に言うのはアウト。 自嘲说自己胖算玩笑话，但说别人就过分了。Llamarte gordo a ti mismo vale como humor autocrítico, pero decírselo a otro está fuera de lugar.자기 자신을 デブ라고 하는 건 자학 개그로 성립하지만, 남에게 하면 안 돼.
Pronunciación
/de.bɯ/
Guía de uso
Contexto: friends, self-deprecation
Tono: crude, direct
✓ Correcto
- 自分でデブって言うのはいいけど、人には言わないで。 (It's fine to call yourself fat, but don't say it to others.)自己说自己胖没关系，但别说别人。（自嘲胖没问题，但不要对别人这么说。）Está bien llamarte gordo a ti mismo, pero no se lo digas a los demás. (It's fine to call yourself fat, but don't say it to others.)자기가 デブ(뚱뚱하다)라고 하는 건 괜찮지만, 남에게는 하지 마. (자기 자신을 뚱뚱하다고 하는 건 좋지만, 남에게는 말하지 마.)
- デブ活して3キロ太った。 (I went on a food binge and gained 3 kilos.)放纵吃喝胖了三公斤。（暴饮暴食胖了三公斤。）Me puse a comer sin parar y engordé 3 kilos. (I went on a food binge and gained 3 kilos.)デブ活(폭식)해서 3킬로 쪘어. (폭식해서 3킬로그램 쪘어.)
✗ Incorrecto
- 人の体型について「デブ」と言うのはボディシェイミング (Calling someone デブ about their body is body shaming)对别人的体型说「デブ」是身材羞辱（用デブ来评价别人的身材属于身材羞辱）Llamar a alguien デブ por su cuerpo es hacer body shaming (Calling someone デブ about their body is body shaming)남의 체형에 대해 'デブ(뚱뚱하다)'라고 하는 것은 바디 셰이밍이다 (누군가의 체형을 두고 デブ라고 부르는 것은 바디 셰이밍이다)
Errores comunes
- Not knowing the softer alternative ぽっちゃり (chubby/plump) which is more polite and even complimentary
- Using デブ with someone you don't know well — even as a joke it can be very hurtful
Origen e historia
Etymology uncertain — possibly onomatopoeic or from English 'double.' The word has been in common use since the early 20th century as a crude term for being overweight.
Contexto cultural
Era: Early 20th century onward
Generation: All ages
Social background: Universal (negative)
Regional notes: Used nationwide. Japan has strong cultural pressure toward thinness, making this word particularly stinging.
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